Convection Currents and How They Work

Convection currents are flowing fluid that is moving because there is a temperature or density difference within the material. Because particles within a solid are fixed in place, convection currents are seen only in gases and liquids. A temperature difference leads to an energy transfer from an area of higher energy to one of lower energy. Convection is a heat transfer process. When currents are produced, matter is moved from one location to another. So this is also a mass transfer process. Convection that occurs naturally is called natural convection or free convection. If a fluid is circulated using a fan or a pump, its called forced convection. The cell formed by convection currents is called a convection cell or  Bà ©nard cell. Why They Form A temperature difference causes particles to move, creating a current. In gases and plasma, a temperature difference also leads to regions of higher and lower density, where atoms and molecules move to fill in areas of low pressure. In short, hot fluids rise while cold fluids sink. Unless an energy source is present (e.g., sunlight, heat), convection currents continue only until a uniform temperature is reached. Scientists analyze the forces acting on a fluid to categorize and understand convection. These forces may include: GravitySurface tensionConcentration differencesElectromagnetic fieldsVibrationsBond formation between molecules Convection currents can be modeled and described using convection-diffusion equations, which are scalar transport equations. Examples of Convection Currents and Energy Scale You can observe convection currents in water boiling  in a pot. Simply add a few peas or bits of paper to trace the current flow. The heat source at the bottom of the pan heats the water, giving it more energy and causing the molecules to move faster. The temperature change also affects the density of the water. As water rises toward the surface, some of it has enough energy to escape as vapor. Evaporation cools the surface enough to make some molecules sink back toward the bottom of the pan again.A simple example of convection currents is warm air rising toward the ceiling or attic of a house. Warm air is less dense than cool air, so it rises.Wind is an example of a convection current. Sunlight or reflected light radiates heat, setting up a temperature difference that causes the air to move. Shady or moist areas are cooler, or able to absorb heat, adding to the effect. Convection currents are part of what drives global circulation of the Earths atmosphere.Combustion generates conv ection currents. The exception is that combustion in a zero-gravity environment lacks buoyancy, so hot gases dont naturally rise, allowing fresh oxygen to feed the flame. The minimal convection in zero-g causes many flames to smother themselves in their own combustion products.Atmospheric and oceanic circulation are the large-scale movement of air and water (the hydrosphere), respectively. The two processes work in conjunction with each other. Convection currents in the air and sea lead to weather.Magma in the Earths mantle moves in convection currents. The hot core heats the material above it, causing it to rise toward the crust, where it cools. The heat comes from the intense pressure on the rock, combined with the energy released from natural radioactive decay of elements. The magma cant continue to rise, so it moves horizontally and sinks back down.The stack effect or chimney effect describes convection currents moving gases through chimneys or flues. The buoyancy of air inside and outside of a building is always different due to temperature and humidity differences. Increasing the height of a building or stack increases the magnitude of the effect. This is the principle on which cooling towers are based.Convection currents are evident in the sun. The granules seen in the suns photosphere are the tops of convection cells. In the case of the sun and other stars, the fluid is plasma rather than a liquid or gas.

Abuse of Power in Heart of Darkness and in Frankenstein

How is the abuse of power shown in two works that you have studied? The works I have studied and will be exploring in this essay are Mary Shelly’s ‘Frankenstein’ and Joseph Conrad’s ‘Heart of Darkness’. In ‘Frankenstein’ the abuse of power is most clearly exhibited by the protagonist of the story Frankenstein himself, his abuse of power results in his isolation and could serve as a warning to people, telling them not to play with forces that they can not control. In ‘Heart of Darkness’, Conrad abuses his power as the author to distance himself from the novella and in a sense absolve himself from any racist criticism the book may induce. The abuse of power is also a key theme in the novella itself. Firstly there is a sense of hypocrisy in†¦show more content†¦King Leopold was abusing his position of power to exploit the Congo for it’s raw materials, it can be said that the vivid cruel and gruesome images Conrad conveys in the book are merely mirroring the harsh reality of the brutalisation in Africa. One could therefore conclude that due to Conrad’s own experiences in the Congo he has to tell his story through a framed narrative, as it may be too difficult for him to share his story in the first person. Whether this was the case or not, it is clear than in ‘Heart of Darkness’ Conrad reveals the abuse of power to be ever present in the colonial age that Conrad lived in, and he demonstrates the abuse of power as something to be wary of and to fear, as it can result in madness. Finally the abuse of power in the Congo also demonstrates the hypocrisy of Imperialism through the corruption observed in ‘the company’. Before Marlow travels to the Congo itself he reveals that it was very difficult for him to ascertain a job, which would result in his exploration of the river which had charmed and fascinated him from childhood. It is at this point that Marlow decides to ask his aunt for help, and she manages to get him a job, which will take him where he desires to go. This clearly demonstrates that Marlow’s abuse of power right at the beginning of the book. He then proceeds to judge others who are abusing power when he is in the Congo. ForShow MoreRelatedComparative Studies of Bladerunner and Frankenstein1157 Words   |  5 PagesCompare the ways in which texts offer insights into the human experience. Every text is a product of its time. In Mary Shelley’s â€Å"Frankenstein†, she uses the gothic horror genre to explore some of the concerns of her time relating to the use of science and technology and its impact on humanity. 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Unfortunately for the sisters, their family has developed a pattern: The issues of the previous generation have been passed down with the next generation, creating a legacy of substance abuse, an unstable home environment, suicide, and mental illness. In this setting, the sisters must react to the troubles they witness around them daily, for their parents and other family are unable to shield the girls from the fallout of their emotionalRead MoreHomosexuality in Victorian and Elizabethan Literature.6608 Words   |  27 Pagesand managed to reverse them, making men faint like women, and making women powerful like men, and called it Dracula. Mary Shelley created a a physical being out of a mans suppressed homosexuality due to his Victorian male u pbringing; a man named Frankenstein. Robert Stevenson described what happens when a homosexual male attempts to live double lives to cover up his true feelings, and entitled it The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. 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So they play Boo Radley a game where they try and reenact the demise of Boo Radley. My personal outlook on the events prescribed in the chapter. On page 34, when AtticusRead MoreLogical Reasoning189930 Words   |  760 Pagescannot. a. yes b. no c. cant tell ââ€"   2. Is the following conditional true? If kids who are abused usually become abusive parents when they have children, and John Drew is being abused by his mother, then when he grows up he is likely to abuse his own children. a. yes b. no c. need more information to tell54 3. If the if-part of a conditional claim is true, and if the conditional claim itself is true, will the then-part have to be true? 4. Is the following statement an argument

Comparing the Spanish and English Colonies in the New World free essay sample

The Spanish settlements in the American Southwest and the English colonies in New England of the seventeenth century can be contrasted in primarily two ways. First, their politics were based on entirely different ruling classes and systems of government. Second, they employed different avenues of economic development. The Spanish settlements began with Cortes and others conquering the Native Americans of South, Central, and parts of Southwestern North America. After eradicating a large portion of the Native American population, the Spanish began to intermarry into the Native American gene pool. Consequently, only portions of the population were pureblooded Spaniards. These Spaniards occupied the highest social and political status. Those from Spain were one step above those born in the New World while those of mixed or Indian heritage were at the bottom of the social ladder. Additionally, because the Spanish came as conquerors, the resulting political system was entirely autocratic and solely devoted to the furthering of the motherland. We will write a custom essay sample on Comparing the Spanish and English Colonies in the New World or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Immediately after conquering the Native Americans, the Spanish looted large amounts of gold, silver, and other valuables. This tradition continued into the seventeenth century as Spanish ships would come annually to bring gold and other valuables back to Spain. In this way, Spain viewed Spanish America as an object useful only for its mercantilist objectives. Since mercantilism was its only objective, Spain gave its colonies little self-rule. Instead, Spanish rulers dictated all the policies of its New World territories. The English, on the other hand, settled relatively peacefully into the Eastern Seaboard of North America. Englishmen migrated to the New World not as conquerors but rather because they wanted independence, political freedom, and economic opportunity. Combined with Englands tradition of partial representation, the English Colonies had a large degree of self-government. The colonies all had some form of a representative assembly that was voted in by popular support. While only white male landowners could vote, this still constituted some degree of democracy. In some colonies, even the governors were decided by popular vote. Also, many of the British colonies, such as Virginia, were established by joint stock companies or established as proprietary colonies, such as Pennsylvania. Even royal colonies were often simply colonies given a royal charter but still established by a group of people not directly affiliated

Towards the Conceptualization of a Nonâ€Linear ISD Model

Introduction Over the years, a multiplicity of instructional design models have been suggested, and many of these models have been incorporated into mainstream educational institutions for purposes of aiding instruction and directing the learning process. In their study on developing a multimedia package for teaching qualitative research, Colon et al (2000), noted that over 200 instructional design models have been proposed and indeed published in some of the widely read educational literature.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Towards the Conceptualization of a Non–Linear ISD Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many of the models, however, are oriented towards behaviorist and constructivist theories of learning, leading to accusations and counter-accusations by a number of leading scholars that the models impede the true nature and scope of learning not only due to their behaviorist point of ref erence, but also due to their signature top-down linear and sequential processes (Colon et al., 2000). In the light of the above and other accusations, this paper aims to demonstrate how a non-liner instructional systems design (ISD) model can be conceptualized for instruction. Why a Non-Linear ISD Model Existing literature demonstrates that employing an ISD model can be helpful to instructional designers in assisting them to systematically identify what is to be taught, establish the best teaching methodologies that can be used, and appraise the instruction to determine its effectiveness in fulfilling the tasks and objectives for which it is intended (Kanuka Anderson, 1999). The Instructional Systems Design Model developed in 1996 by Dick and Carey has indeed proved to be popular among instructional designers in providing a framework through which instruction is provided to learners. This particular model is solidly â€Å"†¦based on one form of systems theory, as well as beh avioral and information processing theories of learning† (Colon et al., 2000, para. 12). However, due to the convergence of technology, changes in the education system, and new and unique needs projected by learners, this and other linear models for instruction design continue to attract criticism from various quarters. According to Gayeski (1998), inadequacies and ineffectiveness exhibited by these models, especially in learning and performance improvement environments has called their practicability into question.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Critics have also faulted the sequential, systematic, teacher-led, and top-down approach employed by linear ISD models largely due to the fact that they relegate learners to the role of passive participants, not mentioning the fact that most of these models do not provide room for innovation and active feedback (Colon et al, 2 000). While it is critically important for educators to clearly identify the learning objectives and systematically sequence them from least complex to the most complex (Kanuka Anderson, 1999), the linear approach employed locks out many students from applying the knowledge learnt to solve contemporary practical solutions by virtue of the fact that learning objectives exist irrespective of the contributions made by the learner. The models are further criticized for assuming an overly behaviorist and constructivist orientation in instruction and ignoring other methodologies that can effectively be used to transfer knowledge (Mergel, 1998). There is, therefore, a compelling need to devise non-linear ISD models to ensure optimal transfer of practical knowledge from the educator to the student. Model Phases and Linkages The conceptualized ISD model heavily relies on R2D2 model developed in 1995 by Willis and Merrill’s First Principles of Instruction developed by David Merrill (C olon et al., 2000; Merrill, 2002). The model has 6 phases, namely, problem identification, recursion, reflection, activation, participatory application, and integration. The problem-centered ISD model first identifies the problem and develops a set of objectives used to solve the problem. The set of objectives developed in this model are likely to change depending on the needs of individual learners, hence the need to create a link between the problem identification and the recursion and reflection phases (see appendix 1). According to Merrill (2002), â€Å"†¦learning is activated when learners are engaged in solving real-world problems† (p. 43). The recursion phase will aim to specifically allow instruction designers and learners to revisit any phase included in the model to make refinements, corrections, and revisions as deemed necessary. This will actively promote the learning process in addition to ensuring holistic integration of new knowledge by the learners. This phase is also linked to problem identification phase, reflection phase and integration phase.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Towards the Conceptualization of a Non–Linear ISD Model specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The next phase – reflection – is intended to emphasize the need for the instruction designers to considerately inquire about feedback and other arising notions from other sources, including the learners’ own perceptions, worldviews and level of understanding (Cohen et al., 2000). Further on, activation phase will take cognizance of the fact that â€Å"learning is promoted when relevant previous experience is activated† (Merrill, 2002, p. 46). Many learners have had many previous experiences that may relate to the task at hand and, as such, relevant information should be activated by going back to the reflection phase to ensure this information is elicited fo r use as groundwork for learning new knowledge. The participatory application phase is where real learning takes place. This phase takes note of the fact that it is the learners who will utilize the knowledge transferred by educators, and they must therefore be active participants in the learning process (Cohen et al., 2002). As such, this phase will also be linked with other phases such as problem identification and reflection to guarantee the involvement of learners. In this phase, educators must develop frameworks aimed at ensuring that learning process is consistent with the identified methodologies of solving the problem, and that learners have the capacity to utilize the new knowledge in solving practical problems. The integration phase will focus on ensuring that learners have the capacity to integrate the knowledge transferred by the educators to solve their everyday problems (Merrill, 2002). This phase will also be linked with reflection and recursion phases to ensure all a rising queries from the learners are adequately attended to (see appendix 1). Model Outputs The outputs for problem identification phase include the objectives and the methodologies that will be used to solve the underlying problem. The recursion phase will generate problem refinements, corrections, and revisions as may be deemed necessary. The reflection phase will generate feedback from instructors and students, and learners’ perceptions and worldviews concerning the problem at hand.Advertising Looking for research paper on education? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The activation phase will aim to come up with quantifiable measures that can be used to evaluate the capacity of learners to grasp and relate to the problem at hand, while the participatory application phase will generate the actual results of the learning process, including how the learner has understood the problem and if there is need to make clarifications. The outputs arising from the integration phase include the practical demonstration by learners on how they can use the knowledge learnt to solve real-life problems, and the capacity by learners to link the knowledge learnt to other life experiences. Structure of Model The model utilizes a non-linear structure to avoid the many problems associated with linear ISD models. This particular model realizes that different problems may call for diverse starting points, and new objectives may indeed emerge over the design process (Cohen et al., 2002). As such, it is important to create mechanisms for adequately address arising issues that are largely ignored in linear models. Conclusion The need to conceptualize and develop a non-linear ISD model is very much informed by the urge to come up with practical solutions to the many challenges facing instruction especially in contemporary times. Learners need to be assisted to solve practical solutions using an instruction strategy that is responsive to their needs, and that realizes their participation is important for effective learning to take place. In addition, the complex nature of modern problems and instruction have rendered most linear ISD models ineffective due to entrenched limitations in scope and practicability in offering an instruction methodology that can assist learners to relate what has been learned to real-life experiences (Merrill, 2002). The conceptualized non-linear ISD model will not only ensure that learners can use new knowledge to solve practical issues, but it will avail platforms for recursion and participatory application. Appendix 1: An Illustration of Non-Linear ISD Model References Colon, B., Taylor, K.N., Willis, J. (2000). Constructivist instructional design: Creating a multimedia package for teaching critical research. The Qualitative Research, 5(1-2). Web. Gayeski, D.M. (1998). Out-of-the box instructional design: Moving from assembly-line models to non-linear performance models. Web. Kanuka, H., Anderson, T. (1999). Using constructivism in Technology-Mediated Learning: Constructing the Order out of the Chaos in the Literature. Web. Mergel, B. (1998). Instructional Design Learning Theory. Web. Merrill, M.D. (2002). First principles of Instruction. ETRD, 50(3), 43-59. Web. This research paper on Towards the Conceptualization of a Non–Linear ISD Model was written and submitted by user Nadia Horton to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Database Administrator Z/Os free essay sample

Sanders DB2 10 Exam 610 Practice Questions by Robert Wingate For certification test: DB2 9 DBA for z/OS (000-732) DB2 9 for z/OS Database Administration: Certification Study Guide by Susan Lawson and Daniel Luksetich DB2 10 DBA for z/OS (000-612) DB2 10 for z/OS Database Administration: Certification Study Guide by Susan Lawson and Daniel Luksetich For certification test: DB2 9 System Administrator for z/OS (000-737) DB2 9 System Administration for z/OS: Certification Study Guide: Exam 737 by Judy Nall DB2 10 System Administrator for z/OS (000-617) DB2 10 System Administration for z/OS: Certification Study Guide: Exam 617 by Judy Nall (due out in May of 2013) 2)Then there is the following free tutorial: For certification test: DB2 9 Fundamentals (000-730) DB2 9 Fundamentals certification 730 prep series at http://www. ibm. com/developerworks/offers/lp/db2cert/db2-cert730. html For certification test: DB2 10 Fundamentals (000-610) DB2 10 Fundamentals certification 610 prep series at http://www. bm. com/developerworks/data/tutorials/db2-cert6101/index. html 3)$30 IBM practice exams: For certification test: DB2 9

Animal Farm2 essays

Animal Farm2 essays Animal Farm is a symbolical political satire in which animals take the place of humans. These animals can talk and are just as intelligent as humans. They learn to read and each type of animal a different aspect of humanity. (Ex.: Pigs- Politicians; Horses- Laborers; Sheep- Gullible People; etc. ) This book shows how a government that is set up to serve the people turns against them, just like communism did to the Russian people. Animalism symbolizes communism and the characters symbolize Russian leaders and people of importance. This is a tale with no happy ending. Characters They symbolize politicians in a stereotypical sense. Some of them lie, cheat, and steal from the animals they are supposed to serve. They make promises that are never kept. Propaganda is spread to the animals they are supposed to He is a pig who is very old. He has seen the lifestyle the animals live and is dissatisfied with it. He creates a government ideology called animalism which represents communism. He is the Karl Marx of this world. He is a large, fierce looking Berkshire boar, who is not much of a talker. He uses animalism only to increase his power and the dogs to terrorize the other animals. Napoleon symbolizes the dictator Joseph Stalin in this world. He is a pig that fights with Napoleon over the power on the farm. He is a very energetic, eloquent speaking, brilliant leader who organizes the defense of the farm. Napoleons jealousness of him makes him try to kill Snowball. Snowball flees the area and every misfortune in Animal Farm after that is blamed on him. He represents Leon Trotsky in this story. He is a short, fat, twinkle eyed pig who is a brilliant talker. He justifies the horrible actions of Napoleon and most of the animals buy into it. He has a sly, ...

The death penalty (should or shouldnt) be banned as a form of Annotated Bibliography

The death penalty (should or shouldnt) be banned as a form of punishment - Annotated Bibliography Example erifiable reason as to why the death penalty should be abolished, this analysis will work to appeal to individuals on the cost-benefit and risk-reward matrix of decision making rather than imploring a human rights response. From an economic standpoint, the cost to execute someone as compared to the cost of life imprisonment is staggeringly high. As compared with life imprisonment, the total average cost, inclusive of legal fees, state appointed attorneys, appeals process etc is in excess of 4 million dollars per prisoner executed. Assuming a standard cost of imprisonment of 35,000 dollars per year per prisoner, it would take over 100 years for life imprisonment to no longer be economically viable as compared to capital punishment (Iglesias, Semeshenko, 2012) Given the current environment coupled with the fact that many states are already struggling with large budget deficits and ballooning future budgeting needs, it only stands to reason that life imprisonment should be considered for the future as well as those prisoners already on their death row. Secondly, there are known cases in the history of the death penalty in the United States in which innocent people have been put to death for crimes they did not commit. Additionally, there are numerous cases in which DNA evidence helps to exonerate an individual who is currently on death row awaiting execution (Debrevnik, 2004). Although this is a moral dilemma, the mere existence of these statistics should give pause to any who would push for the continuation of the death penalty with no thoughts as to its consequences. In the opinion of this author, it is not the â€Å"good intent† of the system that proves it to be a success; instead, even one wrongful death equates to the entire principle being rendered ineffective. The death penalty has been proven that it is not a deterrent against violent crime. Crime rates, if anything, remain unaffected by the presence or lack of presence of the death penalty in a

Socioemotional Development Education Assignment

Socioemotional Development Education - Assignment Example The second determinant of the friendship among the children is the social and economic backgrounds. The teacher revealed that more than 40% of the friendship witnessed in class is determined by the social status of the families of the children. He noted that most of those children who come from rich families are more likely to become friends. Third form of relationship witnessed in classroom environment is determined by academic factors. The teacher revealed that most children who share common academic performance tend to relate with each other. The last form of friendship that was noted is determined by the geographic setting. It was found that those children from the same geographic location exhibit closer friendship. In another interview to determine the things that make a kid popular, a number of things came out. The teacher asserted that academic performance is the main factor that makes the kids popular. He noted that when a kid is regularly awarded for a good work he or she ha s done, the others will see him or her taking the reward hence become more popular both to the teachers and other children. He also stated that the level of physical activity of the child play a significant role in determining popularity of the child. He noted that the when he or she is playful, jovial and happy become more popular than others mainly because his or her playfulness would enable him interact with more children. The third determinant of the popularity of a child is the level of discipline. The findings from the interview show that extremely rude kids are more popular than those who are average in their discipline. Equally, very discipline kids are more popular than those whose levels of disciplines are average. As far as the rejection and neglecting of the kids in school is concerned, the teacher revealed a number of factors behind these issues. He stated that disability is one of the major factors behind the rejection and neglecting of the kids. He argues that normal kids do not like to associate themselves with the physically challenged kids. Because of this, the handicapped kids would feel rejected. The second factor that the teacher identified is racial discrimination. The teacher stated that despite the fact that the school administration discourages any form of racial discrimination; the whites normally reject kids from different races especially from blacks. However, the teacher claims that they do not express it explicitly mainly because it is against the school rules. The social background of the kid is another factor leading to rejection and neglecting. It was noted that a kid who is from a humble background is usually neglected and rejected by those who come from rich families. The last factor is the academic performances. A kid who has poor academic performances can be rejected and neglected by his or her classmates. Question two answer The interview was then focused into elucidation of ways of reversing the cases of rejection and neg lecting is through reversing the above factors. The teacher noted that the best way of reversing the issues of related to poor academic performance is by improving the academic performance. He also noted that the cases associated with the disabilities can be solved by encouraging the students to show love and care on each other. Additionally, I interviewed the teacher on the approaches that should be adopted in order to assist kids with disabilities. He

You are going to write an annotated bibliography of the research you

You are going to write an of the research you have done for your research paper - Annotated Bibliography Example This time Russia’s next move will affect the interests of the EU and may provoke unrest in Europe. The state of Ukraine is getting ready for presidential elections while the EU and US politicians are speculating about possible sanctions against Russia. The future of business and political order in Europe largely depends on the outcome of the election in Ukraine. The stakes are very high for all the players. The situation in Ukraine will affect global political influence and economic stability of dollar and Euro in international trade. I chose this source because it outline the events that led to political unrest and economic problems in Ukraine. It thought it would be important to understand what led to the crisis and explain its significance for existing world order. The article helps to understand why events in Ukraine affected the balance of power in the world. What is more, the source lists the candidates in the upcoming presidential election. It would be useful to try to understand how each of them would affect the balance of power in the region. Economist Staff (2014, March 22). The post-Soviet world order was far from perfect, but Vladimir Putin’s idea for replacing it is much worse. The Economis. Retrieved from http://www.economist.com/news/leaders/21599346-post-soviet-world-order-was-far-perfect-vladimir-putins-idea-replacing-it Russian President Vladimir Putin presents his actions in Ukraine to the world community as an attempt to build a new world order based on legitimacy. This approach finds some supporters in world politics where American supremacy is no longer unchallenged, especially after American failed efforts in Iraq and Syria. However, on closer inspection there are more differences than similarities between American and Russian actions in world politics. Firstly, Putin’s actions in Ukraine are likely to create unrest in many places across the world. Russian annexation of Crimea opens a

Porter Five Forces Model Of Taj Hotels Tourism Essay

Porter Five Forces Model Of Taj Hotels Tourism Essay A Hotel may be defined as per the British law as A place where abonafide traveler can receive food and shelter provided he is a position to pay for it and is in a fit condition to be received. The Indian Hotels Company Limited (IHCL) and its subsidiaries are collectively known as Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces and is recognised as one of Asias largest and finest hotel company. Incorporated by the founder of the Tata Group, Mr. Jamsetji N. Tata, the company opened its first property, The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Bombay in 1903. The Taj, a symbol of Indian hospitality, completed its centenary year in 2003.   Taj Hotels Resort and Palaces comprises more than 60 hotels in 45 locations across India with an additional 15 international hotels in the Malaysia, United Kingdom, United States of America, Bhutan, Sri Lanka, Africa, the Middle East and Australia. Spanning the length and breadth of the country, gracing important industrial towns and cities, beaches, hill stations, historical and pilgrim centres and wildlife destinations, each Taj hotel offers the luxury of service, the apogee of Indian hospitality, vantage locations, modern amenities and business facilities. IHCL operate in the luxury, premium, mid-market and value segments of the market through the following:   Taj  (luxury full-service hotels, resorts and palaces) is the flagship brand for the worlds most discerning travelers seeking authentic experiences given that luxury is a way of life to which they are accustomed. Spanning world-renowned landmarks, modern business hotels, idyllic beach resorts, authentic Rajput palaces and rustic safari lodges, each Taj hotel reinterprets the tradition of hospitality in a refreshingly modern way to create unique experiences and lifelong memories. Taj also encompasses a unique set of iconic properties rooted in history and tradition that deliver truly unforgettable experiences. A collection of outstanding properties with strong heritage as hotels or palaces which offer something more than great physical product and exceptional service. This group is defined by the emotional and unique equity of its iconic properties that are authentic, non- replicable with great potential to create memories and stories. Taj Exotica  is resort and spa brand found in the most exotic and relaxing locales of the world. The properties are defined by the privacy and intimacy they provide. The hotels are clearly differentiated by their product philosophy and service design. They are centered around high end accommodation, intimacy and an environment that allows its guest unrivalled comfort and privacy. They are defined by a sensibility of intimate design and by their varied and eclectic culinary experiences, impeccable service and authentic Indian Spa sanctuaries. Taj Safaris  are wildlife lodges that allow travelers to experience the unparalleled beauty of the Indian jungle amidst luxurious surroundings. They offer Indias first and only wildlife luxury lodge circuit. Taj Safaris provide guests with the ultimate, interpretive, wild life experience based on a proven sustainable ecotourism model. Upper Upscale Hotels  (full-service hotels and resorts) provide a new generation of travelers a contemporary and creative hospitality experience that matches their work-hard play-hard lifestyles. Stylish interiors, innovative cuisine, hip bars, and a focus on technology set these properties apart.   The Gateway Hotel  (upscale/mid-market full service hotels and resorts) is a pan-India network of hotels and resorts that offers business and leisure travelers a hotel designed, keeping the modern nomad in mind. At the Gateway Hotel, we believe in keeping things simple. This is why, hotels are divided into 7 simple zones- Stay, Hangout, Meet, Work, Workout, Unwind and Explore. As travel often means more hassle than harmony, more stress than satisfaction, modern travelers are looking for smarter choices. Driven by passion for perfection, Taj welcomes its customers to a refreshingly enjoyable and hassle-free experience, anytime, everywhere. Offering the highest consistency in quality, service and style the hotel set new standards and take the unwanted surprises out of traveling. Tajs warm welcomes make guests feel at home, away from home and its crisp and courteous service empowers them to get more done with greater effectiveness and control. And through Tajs unrivalled network it provide service that is effortless, simple, never overwhelming, always warm. Ginger  (economy hotels) is IHCLs revolutionary concept in hospitality for the value segment. Intelligently designed facilities, consistency and affordability are hallmarks of this brand targeted at travelers who value simplicity and self-service. Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is committed to replicate its domestic success onto international shores with plans to build an international network of luxury hotels, which will provide an exemplary product-service combination and in the process create a global brand. The current international portfolio includes luxury resorts in the Indian Ocean, business and resort destinations in the Middle East and Africa, serviced apartments in the UK, the first hotel in Australia and three a top-end luxury hotels in the US. Throughout the Companys expansion, its mandate has been twofold: to infuse a sense of Indian heritage and culture within each diverse property, while also anticipating the needs and desires of the sophisticated traveller. Over the years, the Taj has won international acclaim for its quality hotels and its excellence in business facilities, services, cuisine and interiors. The Taj strengthened its presence in the Indian Ocean rim with the Exotica Brand. The Taj Exotica was evolved as part of Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces intent to position it as a brand that is clearly differentiated by its product philosophy and service design. The Taj Exotica Resort and Spa, in Maldives is centered on high-end accommodation, intimacy and an environment that allows its guests unrivalled comfort and privacy. Taj Hotels further expanded its global footprint by securing management contracts at Palm Island, Jumeirah in Dubai, Saraya Islands in Ras Al Khaimah, Aldar Group in Abu Dhabi, UAE Langkawi in Malaysia and Thimpu in Bhutan. The most significant additions to the portfolio have been The Pierre, the iconic landmark hotel on New Yorks Fifth Avenue, Taj Boston and Blue, Sydney. The presence of Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces internationally has been developed through a network of Taj regional sales and PR offices in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, Italy, Dubai, Singapore, Australia, Japan, Russia and the United States of America. At the Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces luxurious living and fine dining find common ground. Whether it is introducing exotic world cuisines to India or taking authentic Indian fare to the world, the Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is renowned for the eclectic culinary experiences it brings to its guests. Through a vast repertoire of award-winning restaurants, legendary recipes from royal kitchens and celebrated food festivals, the Taj has pioneered innovation in fine dining across the world. Taj Hotels also promise a whole new experience of tranquillity and total wellness, through  Jiva Spas  a unique concept, which brings together the wisdom and heritage of the Asian and Indian Philosophy of Wellness and Well-being. Rooted in ancient Indian healing knowledge, Jiva Spas derive inspiration and spirit from the holistic concept of living. There is a rich basket of fresh and unique experiences under the Jiva Spa umbrella of offering, Yoga and Meditation, mastered and disseminated by accomplished practitioners, authentic Ayurveda, and unique Taj signature treatments. Royal traditions of wellness in service experiences, holistic treatments involving body therapies, enlivening and meaningful rituals and ceremonies and unique natural products blended by hand, come together to offer a truly calming experience. IHCL operates  Taj Air, a luxury private jet operation with state-of-the-art Falcon 2000 aircrafts designed by Dassault Aviation, France; and Taj Yachts, two 3-bedroom luxury yachts which can be used by guests in Mumbai and Kochi, in Kerala. IHCL also operates  Taj Sats Air Catering Ltd., the largest airline catering service in South Asia, as a joint venture with Singapore Airport Terminal Services, a subsidiary of Singapore Airlines. Additionally, it operates the  Indian Institute of Hotel Management, Aurangabad  since 1993. The institute offers a three-year diploma, designed with the help of international faculty and has affiliations with several American and European programmes. CORPORATE SUSTAINABILITY AND SOCIAL RESPONSBILITY As a part of Tatas; Indias premier business house; Taj Hotels, have always believed in society and environment being integral stakeholders in our business along with its shareholders, customers, vendors and others. Over the last decade, the movement towards ecologically sound tourism has gained urgency and importance across the globe and we recognize that responsible practices in vogue are as diverse as the geographies.   Taj promote corporate citizenship through our strategic public-private partnerships which encourage building livelihoods of less-advantaged youth and women. The causes they promote include reducing malnutrition, promoting indigenous artisans and craftsmen and enhancing employability of identified target groups by sharing our core competencies as a leading hospitality company. Taj have the unique scope and opportunity to develop raw potential into a skilled workforce that is immediately employable by various players in the industry. A majority of its community projects are focused around extending its key strengths in food production, kitchen management, housekeeping, customer service and spas to promote economic empowerment of candidates from vulnerable socio-economic backgrounds. The group is fully committed to the cause of building a sustainable environment by reducing the impact of its daily operations on the environment and improving operational efficiencies, resource conservation, reuse and recycling of key resources.   A  glimpse of indicative projects  undertaken by Taj group   Tajs sixth  Corporate Sustainability Report  was submitted to the United Nations Global Compact society in August, 2009. The United Nations Global Compact is a strategic policy initiative for businesses that are committed to aligning their operations and strategies with ten universally accepted principles in the areas of human rights, labor, safety security, environment and anti-corruption. This Corporate Sustainability report also serves as their GRI (Global Reporting Initiative) as well as Triple Bottom Line report. The report focuses on identified priorities at IHCL and responds to key stakeholder needs. Taj plan to continue and further strengthen its commitment to the environment and societies in which we operate.   EARTH In an endeavour to reinstate its vision and efforts to boost sustainable tourism, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces presented EARTH (Environment Awareness Renewal at Taj Hotels) this year. Implementing schemes such as the Gangroti Glacier Clean-Up Expedition, as well as designated Earth rooms, which minimise environmental impact, Taj is one of Asias largest group of hotels to commit to energy conservation and environmental management. EARTH has received certification from Green Globe, the only worldwide environmental certification program for travel and tourism. The Taj began a century ago with a single landmark The Taj Mahal Palace Hotel, Mumbai. Today, the various Taj hotels, in all their variety and historical richness, are recognised internationally as the symbols of true Indian hospitality. The Companys history is integral to Indias emergence into the global business and leisure travel community; and looking to the future, Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is well positioned to meet the increase in travel activity with the rapid expansion of the Indian economy.   Hotel Leisure and Other Services include: 24 hrs Front Desk Airport Transfer On Request Astrologer On Call Banquet Facility Bar restaurants Barber Shop Beauty Salon Bell Desk Services Car Rentals Currency Exchange Express Check in Check out Facilities For the Physically Challenged Florist Health Club Health/Ayurveda Centers Hotel Safe Internet Access Available in Rooms Internet/E-mail/Fax Facilities Interpreter Services Laundry Services Library Lounge Luggage Storage Medical Services-Doctor on Call Phone-Two Telephone Lines in Rooms Postal/Parcel Services Room Service-24 Hrs Shopping Arcade Travel Desk Ticketing, Tours MARKETING MIX STRATEGY OF TAJ HOTELS Products Room Restaurant and Bar. Meeting room and Banquet facility Amenities Services Safe deposit box Special services Courier Child care Laundry Pet Internet Travel desk Babysitting Wake-up call PRICE Taj hotel has set its price of the room on the basis of Business, Leisure and Luxury class. PLACE Location of the hotel is the most important business decision for the hotel. Present in metro cities in India Global presence (Maldives,London,Dubai,Colombo) PROMOTION STRATEGY Promotional schemes are carried on regularly the hotel has many loyalty programe,clubes,membership,previlage etc some of them are The Taj Inner Circle. The Taj Junior League. The Taj Club. Taj also offer Taj surprises including weekend savers,value vouchers,book early get more, ADVERTISEMENT Business news paper(E.T, Financial Express, Bombay Times) T.V channels like STAR NEWS,CNN and CNBC. Magazines like THE OUT LOOK TRAVELAR,GO NOW and TRAVEL. Porters 5 Forces Model The state of competition in an industry depends on five basic forces, which are diagrammed above. The collective strength of these forces determines the ultimate profit potential of an industry. Whatever their collective strength , the corporate strategists goal is to find a position in the industry where his or her company can best defend itself against these forces or can influence them in its favor. Contending Forces Threats of Entry: New entrants to an industry bring new capacity, the desire to gain market share, and often substantial sources. Companies diversifying through acquisition into the industry from other markets often leverage their resources to cause a shake up. The seriousness of the threat of entry depends on the barriers present nd on the reaction from existing competitors that the entrant can expect. There are six major sources of barriers to entry. These are: Economies of scale Product differentiation Capital requirements Cost disadvantages Independent of size Access to distribution channels Government policy Suppliers: Suppliers can exert bargaining power on participants in an industry by raising prices or reducing the quality of purchased goods and services. Powerful suppliers, thereby, can squeeze profitability out of an industry unable to recover cost increases in its own prices. The power of each important supplier group depends on a number of characteristics of its market situation and on the relative importance of its sales or purchases to the industry compared with its overall business. A supplier group is powerful if it is dominated by a few companies and is more concentrated than the industry it sells. Also if it poses a credible threat of integrating forward into the industrys business. This provides a check against the industrys ability to improve the terms on which it purchases. Buyers: Customers likewise can force down prices, demand higher quality or more services, and play competitors off against each other- all at the expense of industry profits. A buyer group is powerful if it is concentrated or purchases in large volume. Large volume buyers are particularly potent forces if heavy fixed costs characterize the industry- as they do in metal containers, corn refining, and bulk chemicals, for example- which raise the stakes to keep capacity filled. The product it purchases from the industry are standard or undifferentiated. The buyers, sure that they always can find alternative suppliers, may play one company against another, as they do in aluminium extrusion. Another case can be when the products the buyer purchases from the industry from a component of its product and represent a significant fraction of its cost. The buyers are likely to shop for a favorable price and purchase selectively. When the products sold by the industry in question is a small fraction of buyers costs, buyers are usually much less price sensitive. Substitutes: By placing a ceiling on the prices it can charge, substitute products or services limit the potential of an industry. Unless it can upgrade the quality of the product or differentiate it somehow, the industry will suffer in earnings and possibly in growth. Substitutes not only limit profits in normal times but also reduce the bonanaza an industry can reap in boom times. The producers of fiberglass insulation enjoyed unprecedented demand as a result of high energy costs and severe winter weather. But the industrys ability to raise prices was tempered by the plethora of insulation substitutes, including cellulose, rock wool and Styrofoam. Rivalry of Taj among established firms: Oberoi hotels Leela hotels ITC Grand Le Meridien Bargaining power of buyers is very low. Bargaining power of suppliers is moderate. Threat of new enterants: For Taj, competition in Mumbai has turned fierce as a result of new hotels, such as ITC Grand Maratha, Le Meridien and Hyatt, coming up close to the airport, and enjoying tax benefits too. However in Bangalore, Taj continues to remain at the No.1 position because of the booming IT sector and lack of five-star rooms, chiefly to accomodate international passengers. Potential Entrants Global hotel groups entry Buyers Global tourists Medical tourists Industrialist people Substitutes Small lodges THREAT: HIGH (because of new class, Low otherwise) Customers Need Good Hospitality Hygiene food and environment Success factors for Taj hotels: Technology related:-Used of advance technology in hotel premises. Manufacturing- related:- High utilization of fixed assets. Quality control know-how. Serving customer according to their specification. Distribution-related:- Presence of hotel chain at various places. A strong network. Marketing related:- Breadth of product line and product selection. Personalized customer services. A well-known and well-respected brand name. SWOT Analysis of TAJ Hotels Strengths : Brand loyalty Credibility Huge Reputation Patent protection Weakness: High cost service Not proper network in semi- urban Lack of safety measure Opportunity : Rising income Globalization New Geographical location Threats : Fluctuations in international tourist arrivals Increasing competition Terrorism CONCLUSION Taj Hotels Resorts and Palaces is one of Asias largest and finest group of hotels. The Company is rapidly emerging as a global brand by integrating an international network of luxury hotels within the chain. Taj Hotels is part of the Tata Group, Indias premier business house. Taj Mahal Palace Hotel in Mumbai, India was the subject of many newscasts since November 26,2008.The terrorist attacks not only killed and wounded many, but also caused major damage to the iconic hotel. Tata, a pioneer industrialist and philanthropist, conceived the idea of building a hotel in the wake of the bubonic plague which had devastated Bombay in the late 1890s.Tatas sole wish was to attract people to India, and incidentally to improve Bombay. The severely damaged hotel has to be rebuilt. The sixth floor is gutted, and many of its restaurants, including the famous Wasabi, burnt and the splendid dome is shaken because of the many explosions. The antique chandeliers and priceless artwork are all lost forev er.   But the Taj Mahal Palace and Tower stands as an icon of the city of Mumbai, a symbol of both independence and dignity. It will also stand in the future as a representation of the indomitable human spirit of the people of Mumbai displayed in the face of the greatest adversity.

Sucessful in the World

INDIVIDUAL ESSAY PAPER:   40% DUE DATE:   Midnight Saturday 1st December 2012 (Week 7) WORD LENGTH:   2500 words The paper should be written in an essay style and not like a business report, and is based on a case study of McDonald's restaurants in six countries around the world. Each Student is randomly assigned one of the 6 chapters in Royle and Towers (2002) ‘Labour Relations in the Global Fast – Food Industry’. – This book can be accessed and read electronically via the RMIT Library website) OR   Ã‚  you may access the copies of each of these chapters that are placed here on Blackboard. The particular countries are: the United States, Germany, Netherland, Russia, Singapore and Australia Topic of Individual Essay †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You are required to read and analyse your assigned topic in your study time, and also to research further the topic from other sources. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The questions you are to answer in essay form for your allocated country are : â€Å"1. What are the main elements (parties, laws, processes) of the industrial relations system of your allocated country? 2. Arising from these elements, what challenges exist for the global fast food companies in seeking to have a standard approach to HRM adopted internationally?To answer this consider: a. What elements are compatible with the standard approach to HRM b. What elements work against the adoption of standardised methods of HRM in the fast food industry? Justify your answer. â€Å" CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD CASE STUDY A good case analysis has the following qualities: †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  focusing on the major themes of the case; †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  linking the case to the theoretical framework discussed in the text or reading; †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  addressing main issues or illustrating best practices; †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Referencing the work of o thers is critically important Turnitin Used   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Trial the software before your final submission †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Avoid the last minute submission †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Re-submit next day if the first time it did not get through †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Do not contact your lecturer for any Turnitin problems Essay Guidelines 1. Use of consistent referencing style (Harvard system as described in RMIT Reference Guide); 2. a well structured essay contains introduction, body, conclusion and references with minimum headings; 3. and, remember that a 2,500 word limit applies. A 5% deduction in marks is made for each 10% over or under the word limit. A Good Essay 1.Demonstrates that you carefully argue your case and the statements you make are justified with appropriate references; 2. shows that your discussion is grounded in the relevant field of research; 3. refers to cited materials, which are analysed in a critical and re flective manner; 4. and, cite scholarly journal papers, NOT Wikipedia or website materials without adequate academic citation Submission and Feedback †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Essay should be submitted into Turnitin by midnight of the due date. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Late submissions will be automatically penalised at a rate of 10% of possible mark, per day late.And assignments will not be accepted more than five days late. Extensions are not normally granted. However, in cases of exceptional and genuine hardship (not including inconvenience, poor planning, completing assignments for other courses, or pressure of work) limited extensions MAY be given. Applications should be made in writing to the Course Coordinator, 7 days before the due date for submission, and, where appropriate, a medical certificate should be provided. Such applications will be granted, or refused, in writing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Feedback from lecturers is included in the marking s heets. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All assignments must have a coversheet (blank copy attached) †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A signed Statement of Authorship (blank copy attached) is also to be given to your lecturer in class †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ask your lecturer if they require a hard-copy submission of the essay or if soft-copy submission to Turnitin is sufficient. †¢   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Requests for special consideration in the assessment of the final examination must be made before the examination takes place (See Student Information Booklet).Marking criteria for individual essay Essays are marked according to two principles: o   Ã‚  First are matters of style: use of bibliographic conventions, style, grammar and spelling, and the organisation of the essay. o   Ã‚  Second are matters of content: amount of work in the essay, quality of arguments, application of theory and background knowledge to compare the pattern of HRM and th e strategies and to evaluate them. Both are important, and the best essays are best on both measures. ____________________________________________________________ ESSAY EVALUATION: A. STYLE: 1. Reference List 2. Grammar and style 3. Structure of essay – Introduction – Organisation – Conclusion: B. CONTENT 4. Extent of research 5. Coherence of argument 6. Comprehension of theoretical principles 7. Application of principles to the proposals 8. Critical analysis is especially important Please keep a secure copy of your work until the final result for the course is given. PAPERS WHICH HAVE NO INTERNAL REFERENCING / NO REFERENCE LIST WILL NOT BE ASSESSED

Observation Log 2 Language Development Education Essay

The following theory I considered in my observation is the linguistic communication developmental theory and the theories are those by Chomsky, Piaget and Vygotsky. I believe linguistic communication is an of import portion in human development because it a major medium of societal interaction. Harmonizing to Beckett and Taylor ( ) , the vocabulary of kids between the ages of 3 to 6 expands from 2 word sentence to more complex sentences. They believe that as the kids ‘s vocabulary addition, they learn the regulations of grammar and they become able to utilize different signifiers of words. Whilst I was detecting Eva, I noticed that most of the clip she responded with non verbal communicating and it made me more interested on how linguistic communication develops. Chomsky ( 1957 ) believed that sentences are routinely created practically every clip. He believed that we have internal regulations that enable us to make up one's mind which sentences are grammatical correct and convey our intended significances. Chomsky believed that kids have unconditioned abilities, a familial plan to larn linguistic communication and one time they begin to hear linguistic communication around them, they automatically understand the construction of that linguistic communication. He argued that this is because of the biological temperaments, encephalon development and cognitive preparedness. His theory emphasises the demand for linguistic communication in the environment to excite kids ‘s innate abilities. ( Crain 2005 ) Vygotsky identified four different phases of address development which are the crude, naif psychological phase from 2 to 4 old ages. The kid in this phase is get downing to gain that words are symbols for objects. They have a great wonder as to what objects are called. Followed by the egoistic or private address phase from 4 to 7 old ages. Children frequently talk aloud to themselves as they perform undertakings or work out jobs in this phase of development. This private address is the kid ‘s presentation of their thought. And in conclusion the in growing or interior speech phase from 8 old ages on. During this phase the kids ‘s private address diminutions and becomes much more internalised. They solve jobs in their caputs or utilizing interior address, nevertheless you will hear people utilizing private address when faced with unusual or complex jobs ( Nixon and Aldwinckle, 2003 ) . continues until kids reach school age. Piaget and Chomsky both agreed that kids are non moulded by the external environment but spontaneously create mental constructions. Chomsky believed that kids automatically create grammatical signifiers harmonizing to the familial design and in contrast, Piaget emphasised on genetically controlled development and believed that cognitive constructions emerge from the kid ‘s ain attempt to cover with and do sense of the universe. Chomsky besides believed that linguistic communication is a extremely specialized mental module that develops fairy independently from other signifiers of knowledge and kids learn an intricate grammatical system about wholly on their ain. However, Piaget viewed linguistic communication as more closely related to general cognitive development. Piaget besides suggested that between the ages of 2 and 6, thin Harmonizing to Piaget ‘s theory, kids are born with basic action scheme and during the sensory-motor period ( birth to 2 old ages ) they use these action scheme to absorb information about the universe. He described two maps of kids ‘s linguistic communication, therefore the egoist and the socialized. During the sensory-motor period, kids ‘s linguistic communication is egoistic and they talk either for themselves or for the pleasance of tie ining anyone who happens to be at that place with the activity of the minute. Piaget suggested that during the preoperational phase this period ( 2 and 7 old ages ) , kids ‘s linguistic communication makes rapid advancement. The development of their mental scheme lets them rapidly suit new words and state of affairss and they begin to build simple sentences. ( Appendix aˆÂ ¦ . ) Piaget ‘s theory describes kids ‘s linguistic communication as symbolic, leting them to venture beyond what he termed as here and now and get down to to speak approximately things as the yesteryear, the hereafter, people, feelings and events. During this clip, kids ‘s linguistic communication frequently shows cases of what Piaget termed animism and egoism. Animism refers to immature kids ‘s inclination to see everything, including inanimate objects, to be alive. Since they see things strictly from their ain position, kids ‘s linguistic communication besides reflects their egoism, whereby they attribute phenomena with the same feelings and purposes as their ain. Piaget ‘s theory besides describes moral pragmatism as a feature of kids ‘s linguistic communication development at this phase, since immature kids tend to concentrate on the extent of any harm caused by a individual ‘s actions, without taking into history whether that individual had good or bad purposes. Language development trades with how a kid develops his/her linguistic communication accomplishments during their growing period. Language development has been an issue debated among linguistic communication experts over a long period of clip. Experts have opposing positions on how a kid acquires/learns linguistic communication. There are four chief theories of linguistic communication development and they all have different ideas on the acquisition of linguistic communication. Behaviorists ( Skinner ) believe that linguistic communication is learned. Nativists ( Chomsky ) believe that linguistic communication is unconditioned and alone to worlds. Cognitive theoreticians ( Piaget ) believe linguistic communication is non unconditioned but a merchandise of cognitive development. Finally, societal interactionists ( Vygotsky ) believe that linguistic communication acquisition is a consequence of both biological and environmental factors. All of these theories have their ain manner of co nstruing linguistic communication development, and to some extent, they all seem to be extremely converting. However, out of the four theories, the societal interactionist position entreaties to me the most ; so my theory of linguistic communication development is decidedly the societal interactionist position. Unlike Piaget, Vygotski considered linguistic communication to be cardinal to development. Although Piaget acknowledged linguistic communication with development with footings such as ‘egocentric address ‘ , he did non believe it prevailing, stating it was due to the kid ‘s inability to believe from another position. Vygotski nevertheless, believed speaking out loud gives the kid a manner to form their ideas and steer their actions. Research has shown, kids who use ‘egocentric ‘ or ‘private address ‘ show greater betterment on job work outing undertakings than others who do non utilize or less private address. Probes into this topic, has besides shown that Vygotski ‘s sentiment on kids ‘s address is a much better description than Jean piagets Piaget and Vygotsky are in understanding that kids are active scholars. They contribute to their ain development. This means that kids build ways of groking the universe, ( cognition and apprehension ) , through their activities. They differ in the attack that kids take to organizing these. Piaget provinces that it happens chiefly through physical use of objects around them. Vygotsky, that it is socially mediated. Harmonizing to Crain ( ) , between the ages of 2 and 3, kids begin to do sentences of three or more words and between 3 and 6 old ages their grammar becomes complex. They start to utilize Where, What, Why, for illustration, â€Å" What is that? † ( Appendix aˆÂ ¦ . )

Shaalan V. Jerden Breif Summary †Tort Law Research Paper (300 Level Course)

Shaalan V. Jerden Breif Summary – Tort Law Research Paper (300 Level Course) Free Online Research Papers Shaalan V. Jerden Breif Summary- Tort Law Research Paper (300 Level Course) Shaalan V. Jerden, 713 NE2d 896 Ind. App. (1999) Facts: Rita Wanstrath Jerden gave birth to a son, A.K.S., on January 31, 1992. The next day Rita and Shaalan executed a paternity affidavit. They never wed, but Shaalan lived with Rita and the child or had frequent contact through March 1994. Shaalan paid for four months of day care while Rita provided financial support. Shaalan moved to Maryland in June 1994, but maintained contact with A.K.S. through phone calls and letters for over one year. Shaalan visited A.K.S. in August 1994, and also took him on a vacation in 1994. Beginning in 1996, Rita refused to read letters to the child and returned the letters to Shaalan. Shaalan returned to Indiana briefly in May 1997 and attempted to see the child but a meeting could not be arranged. Rita then married William Jerden on April 12, 1997 and on May 6, 1997, Jerden filed a petition to adopt A.K.S. and Rita consented to the adoption. The petition was granted and finalized on September 23, 1997. Shaalan was informed of the adoption on October 6, 1997. On December 10, 1997, Shaalan filed a putative father registration form with the Indiana State Department of Heath. Procedural History: The trial court held a hearing on October 14, 1998, and on November 12, 1998, issued its findings of fact and conclusions of law denying Shaalan’s motion to reopen judgment and set aside Decree of adoption. Shaalan then appeals. Issue(s): I. Whether the trial court erred by finding that Shaalan was not entitled to notice of the petition for adoption of A.K.S., due to Shaalan’s failure to register with the putative father registry. II. Whether the trial court erred by finding that Shaalan’s consent to the adoption of A.K.S. was not required. Holding: (1) Paternity affiant was entitled to notice of adoption, but (2) affiant’s consent to adoption was not required, based on his failure to support child. Rational: (1) Shaalan was not a putative father required to register with the putative father registry because he had executed a paternity affidavit the day after A.K.S. was born and was acknowledged by both Shaalan and Rita thus, the trial court erred by finding that his failure to register forfeited his right to notice of the adoption. (2) Under Ind. Code 31-19-9-8 provides in part that: A parent of a child in the custody of another person if for a period of at least one year the parent: (a). fails without justifiable cause to communicate significantly with the child when able to do so or (b) knowingly fails to provide for the care and support of the child when able to do so as required in law or judicial decree. There was evidence that supports that Shaalan did make attempts to maintain contact with A.K.S., but Rita refused to let him communicate with his son. However, Shaalan himself testified that he had not provided any support for A.K.S since Shaalan moved to Maryland in 1994 . Even though Rita and Shaalan did not have an order requiring him to pay support, the court stated that â€Å"fathers have a common law duty to support their children which exists apart form any court order or statute.† Research Papers on Shaalan V. Jerden Breif Summary - Tort Law Research Paper (300 Level Course)Personal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Project Managment Office SystemAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementCapital PunishmentRiordan Manufacturing Production Plan

Quizzes week Essay Example

Quizzes week Essay Example Quizzes week Essay Quizzes week Essay When Sam thought about open Eng a foreign car repair shop n Phoenix, he researched all of the firms in the area before deciding on a local Zion. He also analyzed their capabilities and found articles about many of them in terms of their capability sees, strengths, and weaknesses. Secondary data 5 Which of the following elements of socio cultural environment can be associate De with the growing demand for social surrogates like social networking sites, television, and so on? Views of others 6 Which strategy does this exemplify? Kayak and Orbits provide their customers with a variety of travel options including flight reservations, vacation packages, flight and hotel option s with or without car rentals, and cruise offerings. Differentiation 7 A companys sales potential would be equal to market potential when which s tuitions exists? The company gets 100 percent share of the market. 8 Which of the following statements demonstrates behavioral loyalty towards a brand? Always buy My Favorite Laundry detergent when purchasing laundry detergent NT. 9 In the U. S. Consumer expenditures on homes and other large purchases tend to slow down during a recession because the consumers have a high debilitation ratio 10 During the holidays, companies Often provide gifts to customers. The more a client spends, the larger the gift, usually. To segment customers in this way, for what purpose is this data being mined? To deepen customer loyalty 11 Cost is able to keep its inventory expenditure relatively low through its man au gment technology and cuttings pointless inventory management technology. As a result, Cost o is able to pass these savings on to consumers in the form of low prices. This strategy is best descried bed as overall cost leadership 12 Which of the following industries is most likely to use database marketing? A supermarket chain 13 Which market do customers who have purchased and are driving Audio automat bobbles represent? Penetrated market 14 When Apple introduced tunes, a new market was opened. Which of the follow wing describes this type Of innovation? Value capture 15 The Soccer World Cup is promoted aggressively to both companies and fans. This is an example of marketing a(n) event 16 Which of the following is correct about marketing management? It occurs when at least one party to a potential exchange thinks about the me mans of achieving desired responses from other parties. 17 Marketing is considered both an art and a science. How do the ups, or market Eng mix, help us bridge the gap between art and science? Marketing balances the need for data with that of creativity. 18 By 201 5, projections indicate that the largest category of households will be c imposed of childless married couples and empty nesters week 2 1 . How many primary groups does VALS classify U. S. Adults into based on per seasonality traits and key demographics? Eight 2 Which group is experiencing the fastest population growth today? Hispanic Americans When purchasing, in which state does the consumer set a minimum acceptable e cutoff level for each attribute and then makes a buying decision? Conjunctive heuristic 4 When searching for a supplier, which of the following provides the broadest r each of possible suppliers in todays competitive market environment? Internet Which market is known as the invisible market segment? Asian American Which of the following is known as the process of creating a segment storybook rd to test the attractiveness of each segment? Segment acid test Which of the following is known in marketing as attributes of a product or seer vice that may not be unique to the product Or service? Pianofortes What is the second stage of the consumer buying process? Information search 9 Which other criteria helps make up the three criteria for a successful brand m intra: inspire, simplify, and communicate Which term describes the diverse needs of many ethnic market segments? Multicultural marketing Which of the following marketing strategies does not concentrate on recognize ins differences in customers needs in the organization? Undifferentiated Which of the following do brand mantras attempt to define? Points of difference to other brands Which of the following is a tool a company uses to position its brands attribute sees in the minds of those in the organization? Brand positioning bulls eye Which of the following tools do marketers use to visually illustrate how cons mere view products or services on multivariate? Perceptua l mapping Which other dimension is the VALS classification system based on besides con summer motivation? Consumer resources What other dimension helps market segments be measurable, substantial, AC accessible, and differentiable? Actionable Which other factor does an organizations marketing strategy focus on: seem notation, targeting and positioning 18 In behavioral segmentation, a product or service is grouped by which other did mention besides knowledge of, attitude toward, and use of? Response to 9 Which of the following is used to determine a competitive frame of reference for brands to compete against other brands due to their closeness as substitutes? Category membership 20 Which of the following do marketers use to give consumers a special reason f or them to purchase a product or service? Value proposition 21 Which of the following would consumers associate closely with a brand? Offensivenesss Quiz Week 3 Quiz Week 4 Which type of distribution relies on some intermediaries willing to carry a part ocular product? Selective distribution What type of system does a firm employ to decide about the most critical decide ions management faces? Marketing channel system 3. What is the practice that allows companies to maximize their market share by believing a higher sales volume will lead to lower unit costs and higher longhorn profit while assuming the market price is sensitive? Impersonations pricing 4. Which marketing system is another channel development in which two or MO re companies put together resources to exploit an emerging market opportunity? Horizontal marketing system 5. When companies estimate the demand and costs associated with alternative prices, they will choose the price that produces maximum current profit 6. What is a simple way to engage in international marketing? Licensing What type of marketing system includes the producer, wholesaler(s), and rate leer(s) acting as a unified system? Vertical marketing system 8. What type of deal takes place when the seller receives some percentage of the e payment in cash and the rest in products? Compensation deal 9. What is an ultimate form of foreign involvement? Direct ownership 10. What type of marketing channel consists of an independent producer, wholes ale(s), and retailer(s)? Conventional marketing system What takes place when dealers purchase some or all of a product line? If Line forcing 12. When a seller agrees to accept partial payment of products manufactured wit h the supplied equipment it is called free trade agreements buyback arrangement 13. When the number of intermediaries are severely limited, this means an exclusive distribution 14. What type of distribution places the goods or services in as many outlets as p Seibel? Intensive distribution 15. Which companies have launched a website without any previous existence as a firm? Purulence companies 16. Which strategy uses the manufacturers advertising, promotion, and other for ms of communication to persuade consumers? Pull strategy 17. Companies are pursuing which objective when they start with prices high and slowly drop them over time? Market skimming 18. What mode Of entry is it when local and foreign investors share ownership an d control? Joint venture 19. Which strategy is appropriate when there is low brand loyalty in a category an d brand choice is made in the store? Push strategy 20. What form describes a buyer and seller directly exchanging goods with no MO nee and no third party involved? Barter 21. Which agreements are not necessarily illegal, but they do violate U. S. Law if the eye tend to lessen competition substantially? Tying agreements Quiz Week 5 Mountain Dew is a brand known for sponsorships of adventure events such a s snowboarding and skateboarding competitions. What is the most likely objective of Mountain De was sponsorship of these events? To create perceptions of key brand image associations 2. In order to help anticipate public relations crises its important to think about the possible events that could occur and the appropriate management response. This is often referrer d to as imagining the worst is based on the premise that marketers can no longer use interruption marker ting via mass media campaigns.

Case Studies in Environmental Hazards. Journal Search, Article

Case Studies in Environmental Hazards. Journal Search, Summaries and Annotated Bibliography - Article Example They talk about the dangerous effects of wildfires on a broad range of natural habitats. They indicate that wildfires have been found to be the main cause of flash floods and the flow of debris. They indicate that one of the main causes of the hydrological driven hazards that occur after the wildfires is the decreased rates of infiltration. Besides this reduction in the infiltration rate, it is also caused by the mounting evidence of the fundamental physics of infiltration. This concept is used for further explanation and to provide evidence on the presence of infiltration which enhances the hydraulic effects of wildfires. In this sense, the authors attempt to provide a solution for this in their article. In particular they provide solutions that help to solve the issue of hydrolic effects of wild fires. In this case, the article will be of great insight in this study as it will provide an in depth understanding on the handling and management of post wildfire hydrology caused by the increased rate of wildfires. Notably, the authors have also written on the differences that exist in fire affected soils. For instance, they have indicated that soil surface sealing by either ash or fine sediments contain measurable effects on post wild-fire runoff. They give an explanation by use of diagrams to explain four types of infiltration causing environmental hazard. From the above diagram, Type 1 is the â€Å"standard type† that has exponential decreasing infiltration rate with time. Type 2 is a linear decrease in infiltration rate with time. Type 3 contains an initial high soil-water repellency that at first results in a low infiltration rate but as soil wets, the rate of infiltration raises to maximum and afterwards declines exponentially with time. Type 4 is similar to type 3 only that the infiltration rate levels off eventually to a constant level due to macrospore flow. Karavitisa, A. Christos, Tsesmelis, E. Demetrios, Skondrasa, A. Nikolaos, Stamatakos,

The Role of Emotion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Role of Emotion - Essay Example The emotion-focused assessment and following therapy follows a process, the two main processes being, interpersonal factors, and emotional cycles. Functional assessment has derived from the applied behavior paradigm. In this context functional means the cause of behavior (Carbone & Zecchini, 2008). The process establishes the function, or cause, of the maladaptive behavior before developing an intervention. This intervention is created from the hypothesized function of the maladaptive behavior. If the intervention is unsuccessful in establishing the function then it is very likely that the results will be ineffective in changing the identified maladaptive behaviours (Starin, 2007). These two therapies though from different psychological schools of thought, and therefore have many differences, nevertheless have several similarities as well. Emotion-focused therapy is a structured, short-term therapy, created in the early 1980s. It is historical based in client-centred, gestalt and existential theories. Client-centred therapies are from the humanistic paradigm, they are non-directive, do not search for interpretations, and center on the client actualizing their potential. Gestalt therapy is based on the theory that the brain is holistic, but that 'getting a whole consistent picture and seeing what the structure of the whole requires for the parts' (Wertheimer, 1959, cited in Gestalt Theory, 2008, p.1). Existential therapy stems from the belief that people are on their own in the world. Therefore, people form their own meanings and values, and have the power to make their own choices. For this reason, every individual is responsible for his or her own happiness. Emotion-focused therapy also has an extensive background in attachment theory, which gives the therapy a broader and more in depth understanding of the client's needs and the problems they are experiencing due to past or present family relationships. The approach focuses on how a person is responsible for their own response patterns to emotional processes. A large amount of research has assessed that this therapy is very effective. Research has shown that between 70-75% of clients who enter into emotion-focused therapy will go into recovery and that nearly 90% will significantly improve (ICEEFT, 2008). Greenburg (2004a) states that emotion can be perceived as a form of information processing which is fundamental to a person's survival, and their ability to adapt to the world around them. Research has shown that emotion can improve memory, help to focus attention, and may influence cognitive processing. In addition, emotion can regulate behavior and help to develop healthy attachments. These processes influence why people will perform certain activities and behaviors. It is not just a result of their beliefs and value systems alone, but also because it makes them feel good or bad. Humans seek to control these feelings by trying to maximize the good feelings and minimize the bad ones. The reactions to these pleasant or unpleasant feelings and the attempt to control them are a person's motivation for action and change. Moreover, these emotions are used to evaluate situations that enhance personal well being and happiness, rather than because they are rational or right (Greenburg, 2004 a). Therefore,

Data Storage Technology Options for Business Need Essay

Data Storage Technology Options for Business Need - Essay Example For computer systems technology to cope with these intensifying storage and processing needs, the demand for performance and storage capacity has risen acutely. This has contributed to the manufacture, invention, and uses of a variety of physical storage devices for computer systems. These physical storage mediums in the contemporary computing world range from the familiar usual floppy disk, hard disk, flash drive, DVDs and CD-ROMs, and tapes that are commonly used in Information Communications Technology business and organization sectors. It’s also important to note that these storage devices have different file allocation methods and size allocation. This is therefore what is going to form the discussion basis of this paper. Additionally, this paper will also evaluate the concept of fragmentation of file systems on the storage devices and how best they could be managed (Parsons & Oja, 2009). The computer storage devices are divided into three major classes including Magnetic , Optical, and Semiconductor. Computer storage systems are also widely referred to as secondary storage media or devices. Magnetic storage devices basically record and store information in the form of magnetized spots. These magnetized spots are represented by binary codes with a magnetized head that slightly hangs freely above the surface of the storage device that reads and records information by use of electric charges. The data hence can be retained, erased or replaced by the use of new magnetic spots. Examples of magnetic storage include the Tape, referred to as magnetic tape that is used to read, write and store information up to a terabyte. They are generally used in magnetic tape recorders or machines to record and write data after which the tapes can be connected to gadgets that can read the  information.

Comment critically on comparative advantage as a basis for international trade Essay Example for Free

Comment critically on comparative advantage as a basis for international trade Essay Comparative advantage was an idea proposed by David Ricardo in 1817, and is an idea which can be used on a variety of scales, but is most often used when analysing international trade. Ricardo used the idea of wool produced in England at a lower opportunity cost than wool is produced in Portugal relative to wine, while in Portugal wine is produced at a lower opportunity cost than wine is produced in Britain relative to the wool. This means that in Portugal it is less costly to produce wine in terms of what is the next best use of the resources involved. The reasons that this occurs could be for any number of reasons: weather, technology, productivity of workers in that industry and so on. This idea is one that all countries can benefit from, as even a tiny country will have a comparative advantage in a good relative to another good, even when trading with a world superpower. Comparative advantage is often used to look at just two countries and two goods, which is not necessarily a pitfall as the model can be applied to multiple countries and multiple goods, it is just for simplicity. Shown below is a very simple idea of the benefits produced by comparative advantage: As with any model in economics, comparative advantage is not ideal. It is a proposed model based upon a fundamental idea which has very often proved itself to be true, but it still relies on many ideals and factors that do not and cannot realistically exist. These underlying assumptions mean it is difficult to base international trade upon the comparative advantage theory. However, the comparative advantage theory is questionably a solid basis to trade, even if it cannot explain international demand and supply in its entirety. The biggest problem when it comes to how affective comparative advantage is in dictating trade is that all factors of production are assumed to be perfectly mobile, something which it is fair to say is never the case. The idea is that any factors of production, be it labour, capital, land or entrepreneurship, that these, if made redundant from one industry it is thought that these resources could immediately be transferred to another industry that has a comparative advantage over the other country. This is clearly not going to be case, unless the industries are very similar, something which contradicts another theory of comparative advantage, which states all goods are homogenous. It is therefore almost an impossibility for this to occur, for the unemployment created by a failed industry to be suddenly removed by another. Structural unemployment of people without the necessary skills to work, is inevitable. Even in the EU, where the S.E.A single market was set up in 1986, it is still difficult just to go and work in another EU country for geographic, structural and lingual reasons. The government would have to spend a huge amount on supply side policies such as very efficient schemes of education or perhaps low taxation (Thatcherite) to be able to transfer skills that quickly, and shift the long run aggregate supply curve to the right, thus reducing unemployment: Because the government realises just how unlikely and difficult it is to transfer resources, it actively discourages the failure of an industry, as shown by the EUs enormous subsidies of the farmers in this country, most notably the Common Agricultural Policy. It is therefore acting against the theory of comparative advantage, as this would dictate that the farmers move into the service sector, where Britain is very productive. This shows how politics has a great affect on trade once the industry has been established, though comparative advantage may well have dictated what industries were originally started and how they grew, even if politics has a greater effect today. The fact that politics makes a big difference in the effect of comparative advantage demonstrates another shortcoming of the theory. It assumes that trade around the world is completely free, something which is increasingly true, although the creation of the EU has meant that trade within the EU is almost completely free, while from in the EU to the rest of the world, protectionist policies are in place. There also continue to be some semi-autarkic countries such as North Korea. If cricket bats are made in both England and Pakistan, if Pakistan has the comparative advantage in making the good, in terms of Panama hats for example, consumers in the UK may well still buy cricket bats from British producers, for several reasons, most importantly that policies such as tariffs or quotas may well be in place on goods entering the EU, in which case the goods are no longer price competitive. This is shown below: However, the large sales of cricket bats in the UK may well also be for other reasons. Cricket bats are not a homogenous product, with different bats suiting different players, and other non-price competitive reasons such as a higher quality of bat made domestically or that there is better after-sale support. This is something that the theory of comparative advantage does not take into account. It may also be very expensive to transport the bats to the UK from Pakistan, making it no longer economically efficient to trade here. This is something else that is not taken into account by the model. All these things aside, the reasons why countries trade is for the benefits that arise from the trading, such as specialisation increasing output, economies of scale, innovation through competition and the welfare gains in increasing the consumers choice. It is at no stage a random process as to what goods are traded, and there are good reasons for why bananas arent grown in England and sheep arent reared in the West Indies. The productivity of a country in producing a good dictates what it will trade, and a country that is very inefficient in producing a good will move onto something to which it is more suited. There are of course cases where this is overridden by the factors mentioned, but ultimately comparative advantage theory does form a basis as the title suggests, to almost all international trade. For the trade to occur, the terms of trade are laid out, which is simplified to compromising between the opportunity cost ratios of the two countries. Once again, this is not exactly how it works, as politics and economics merge to create something slightly different, but it is highly likely to be something close to what comparative advantage suggests it should be. It is inevitable that the model does not fit the real world, but there is not a single economic theory that can be applied directly to an economy with no assumptions being made.

Education Today Essay -- essays papers

Education Today A college education is suggested to be the most heavily judged form of qualification to be looked at when looking for career opportunities. But what is a college education? Is it something you go out and buy at the most prestigious of College University's? Do you simply hand over 25,000 dollars a year, and at the end of 4 years, give or take a few, you are handed a diploma that says, 'Educated'? In my opinion, this is today's view on what education is. It is less of a conquest of knowledge then it is just a stepping-stone towards a career. John Newman suggested that all forms of education and knowledge are connected together, and that the subject matter of knowledge is united in itself. Each Science that we break our knowledge in to, complete, correct and balance the others. This is what John Henry Newman wrote in, The Idea of a University. This was written to discuss the idea of a Catholic University, so it has a large influence on how we get our education today. We take specific courses that educate us in our major, and a number of other core courses that help shape our ideas and views into that which we are learning. If an education is confined to only one subject, Newman believes the individual's work in life may favor the advancement of a particular pursuit or viewpoint over another, due to ignorance. This is the approach we take at Seton Hall and most other University's in the world towards an education. But is this the only form of education that is valid? Jon Spayde believed that one could gain education in any way he wants. If biology was an individual's serious interest, he could observe life throughout the year and justifiably educate himself that way. Anything you had int... ...roader the education you get the more knowledgeable you will become in all areas of your study. However, I also think that it isn't necessary to pay for a college degree to be truly educated. The problem is you have nothing to show for or prove your intellect. In today's competitive society everyone wants the best, and if you don't complete a college education and have your own individual flares your going to have a much harder time landing a job then perhaps someone you are smarter then. You can't just be the best, you have to show that you are the best. It seems that if you can throw 100,000 dollars away on a degree today, you probably will have a decent job waiting for you when you graduate. So the individual with the advantage in society is the one who loves what he paid to get educated in. Education in a field that you love is the only true conquest of knowledge.

Evolution of Science

Loose change menu- McDonald's have created a menu consisting of meals no more expensive than two dollars (loose change) which attracts customers with small amounts of money on them e students key phrase used by McDonald's Is: ‘A little loose change, goes a long way. This marketing strategy Is aimed at budget-focused customers aged between 14 – 25 2. Coca-Cola crown glass- McDonald's have release six limited edition Coca-Cola glasses which a customer can receive after the purchase of any large extra value al.The six glasses are only around for a limited time which gives the public an incentive to purchase a meal to collect as many limited edition glasses as possible. Key phrase: Hurry there only available for a limited time. This marketing techniques Is aimed at all customers aged between 20 – 40 2. Cheap easy Birthday parties- Birthday parties at McDonald's are extremely popular for kids aged between five and ten. There are three relatively cheap Cossacks and attr active to parent's who want an easy alternative for their child party.McDonald's describe the preparation their birthday parties as care free for parent's and that all they have to do is enjoy the atmosphere. Key phrase: We give your child a birthday party to remember! ‘ 3. Big Mac chant- McDonald's have a competition that asks you to film yourself singing the big Mac chant. By voting for a chant you receive a free Big Mac. This gives customers the incentive to vote and receive a free big Mac at the same time its a big add for the big Mac. Key phrase get voting now Outlining social media to spread their message florally. Art 2: ) On the McDonald's website there Is a section called our food and our nutrition, on the page it describes the healthy changes and alternatives McDonald's have made to their meals. This has been used to Inform the public of the healthy meals that are available at McDonald's. No I do not because children do not usually look Into the nutrition In their fo od. 2) McDonald's have also sponsored children's sporting event e. G. Little athletics, swimming Queensland. This has been used for people to associate being active and playing sport with ‘OFF eating McDonald's giving the healthier image.Yes I think it interlines young people to believe that McDonald's are a healthy fast food restraint, for the reason that they are sponsoring their sporting team. 3) Burger King- Released a limited time turkey burger in its attempt at releasing healthier option to the public. But still weighs in at 530 calories. This has been to make customers believe that what they are eating is good for them when really its Just as bad as any other meal on the menu. Yes I think it influences young people because they are easily persuaded into leveling a meal is good for them. ) McDonald's' new McGraw uses a green label to trick customers into thinking it's healthier. When really it's only 10 calories less than the normal Grilled Ranch Snack Wrap. This has bee n used to make the food seem healthy Yes I think it influences young people because most young people associate the color green with healthy food. 5) KEF being the official sponsor of cricket Australia. This has been used to associate the game of cricket with the food KEF, giving Cuff's food and image a healthy active look.Yes I do think it influence young people because they watch the cricket and see adds for KEF with members of the cricket team in them influencing them to believe the food is healthy/ part 3 Two American teenagers suing McDonald's For: The two girls were lured into McDonald's by the toys, the playground, the happy meals and the birthday parties. The persuasive television ads also played a factor in them eating there regularly. The two girls had no choice but to eat there because they lived in a remote area of America where McDonald's was one of the cheapest and only places to eat at.Against: The two teenagers ate at McDonald's at least seven times a week for years. Although they state they were unaware of how fattening McDonald's food actually is the burger loin says it handles nutrition responsibly. It puts nutritional information about its products on large; poster-size charts on its store walls and in other display areas. The charts show, for instance, that a quarter pounded with cheese has 530 calories and 30 grams of fat. To two Teenagers had no evidence that there health problems were caused solely by eating McDonald's.Response IL t b I less to taste t companies 1) List the nutritional information of the products that they are selling to the public – Read the nutritional information regarding the food they are eating and understand how it will affect your health and weight. 2) Provide healthy meals on the menu e. G. Salads – Eat a variety of meals not Just those that are bad for you 3) Inform consumers of the health risks involved in eating fast food. Understand health risks associated in eating fast food 4) Promote exerci se awareness for customers. Exercise regularlyAdolescent nutrition guideline Comparison Nutritional guidelines for an adolescent state you must have eat plenty of vegetables, cereals, lean meant and fish. The total amount of my Kilojoules added up for one meal at McDonald's was approximately 4000 k]. From my calculations I have gathered that if I ate McDonald's for breakfast lunch and dinner I would be exceeding my average intake by over kick]. I have found if I eat a healthy breakfast and relatively healthy meat based lunch I can have McDonald's for Dinner with out exceeding my maximum daily Kilojoules intake.