Electric Discharge Machining

ELECTRIC DISCHARGE MACHINING INTRODUCTION * Sometimes it is referred to as spark machining, * Its a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is obtained using electrical discharges (sparks). * Material is removed from the workpiece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage. * One of the electrodes – ‘tool-electrode’ or ‘tool’ or ‘electrode’. * Other electrode – workpiece-electrode or ‘workpiece’. As distance between the two electrodes is reduced, the current intensity becomes greater than the strength of the dielectric (at least in some points) causing it to break. * EDM is a machining method primarily used for hard metals or those that would be very difficult to machine with traditional techniques. * EDM typically works with materials that are electrically conductive, although methods for machining insulating cer amics with EDM have been proposed. * EDM can cut intricate contours or cavities in hardened steel without the need for heat treatment to soften and re-harden them. This method can be used with any other metal or metal alloy such as titanium, hastelloy, kovar, and inconel. EDM – Working Principle * It is a process of metal removal based on the principle of material removal by an interrupted electric spark discharge between the electrode tool and the work piece. * In EDM, a potential difference is applied between the tool and workpiece. * Essential – Both tool and work material are to be conductors. * The tool and work material are immersed in a dielectric medium. * Generally kerosene or deionised water is used as the dielectric medium. A gap is maintained between the tool and the workpiece. * Depending upon the applied potential difference (50 to 450 V) and the gap between the tool and workpiece, an electric field would be established. * Generally the tool is connected to the negative terminal (cathode) of the generator and the workpiece is connected to positive terminal (anode). * The high speed electrons then impinge on the job and ions on the tool. * The kinetic energy of the electrons and ions on impact with the surface of the job and tool respectively would be converted into thermal energy or heat flux. Such intense localized heat flux leads to extreme instantaneous confined rise in temperature which would be in excess of 10,000oC. * Such localized extreme rise in temperature leads to material removal. * Material removal occurs due to instant vaporization of the material as well as due to melting. * The molten metal is not removed completely but only partially. EDM – Dielectric * In EDM, material removal mainly occurs due to thermal evaporation and melting. * As thermal processing is required to be carried out in absence of oxygen so that the process can be controlled and oxidation avoided. Oxidation often leads to poor surface conduct ivity (electrical) of the workpiece hindering further machining. * Hence, dielectric fluid should provide an oxygen free machining environment. * Further it should have enough strong dielectric resistance so that it does not breakdown electrically too easily. * But at the same time, it should ionize when electrons collide with its molecule. * Moreover, during sparking it should be thermally resistant as well. * Generally kerosene and deionised water is used as dielectric fluid in EDM. Electric Discharge Machining ELECTRIC DISCHARGE MACHINING INTRODUCTION * Sometimes it is referred to as spark machining, * Its a manufacturing process whereby a desired shape is obtained using electrical discharges (sparks). * Material is removed from the workpiece by a series of rapidly recurring current discharges between two electrodes, separated by a dielectric liquid and subject to an electric voltage. * One of the electrodes – ‘tool-electrode’ or ‘tool’ or ‘electrode’. * Other electrode – workpiece-electrode or ‘workpiece’. As distance between the two electrodes is reduced, the current intensity becomes greater than the strength of the dielectric (at least in some points) causing it to break. * EDM is a machining method primarily used for hard metals or those that would be very difficult to machine with traditional techniques. * EDM typically works with materials that are electrically conductive, although methods for machining insulating cer amics with EDM have been proposed. * EDM can cut intricate contours or cavities in hardened steel without the need for heat treatment to soften and re-harden them. This method can be used with any other metal or metal alloy such as titanium, hastelloy, kovar, and inconel. EDM – Working Principle * It is a process of metal removal based on the principle of material removal by an interrupted electric spark discharge between the electrode tool and the work piece. * In EDM, a potential difference is applied between the tool and workpiece. * Essential – Both tool and work material are to be conductors. * The tool and work material are immersed in a dielectric medium. * Generally kerosene or deionised water is used as the dielectric medium. A gap is maintained between the tool and the workpiece. * Depending upon the applied potential difference (50 to 450 V) and the gap between the tool and workpiece, an electric field would be established. * Generally the tool is connected to the negative terminal (cathode) of the generator and the workpiece is connected to positive terminal (anode). * The high speed electrons then impinge on the job and ions on the tool. * The kinetic energy of the electrons and ions on impact with the surface of the job and tool respectively would be converted into thermal energy or heat flux. Such intense localized heat flux leads to extreme instantaneous confined rise in temperature which would be in excess of 10,000oC. * Such localized extreme rise in temperature leads to material removal. * Material removal occurs due to instant vaporization of the material as well as due to melting. * The molten metal is not removed completely but only partially. EDM – Dielectric * In EDM, material removal mainly occurs due to thermal evaporation and melting. * As thermal processing is required to be carried out in absence of oxygen so that the process can be controlled and oxidation avoided. Oxidation often leads to poor surface conduct ivity (electrical) of the workpiece hindering further machining. * Hence, dielectric fluid should provide an oxygen free machining environment. * Further it should have enough strong dielectric resistance so that it does not breakdown electrically too easily. * But at the same time, it should ionize when electrons collide with its molecule. * Moreover, during sparking it should be thermally resistant as well. * Generally kerosene and deionised water is used as dielectric fluid in EDM.

The Five C’s Worksheet

The Five C’s Worksheet Directions: Identify the following factor descriptions to their corresponding C of credit. The five C’s are listed below: †¢Capacity means the ability or intent to repay your debts, basing it upon your household cash flow; lenders typically follow different methods to consider my expenses relative to the person’s income. †¢Capital is the household’s net worth, by combining all assets, and making sure that the debts is smaller than the total assets, the lender can verify that the loan will be paid by liquidating all assets should you need to pay your debts, sort of risking all you got in order to get their trust. Collateral can be either your car, home, boat, anything that you can pledge to make the loan safer, and the lender feel that you are not being a high-risk loan, because you can lose your own assets.†¢Character is the history behind your credit, employment, and education, as well as how well you handle your obli gations, such as accrued debts in the past that were taken care of. They measure your trustworthiness. Conditions are the considerations a lender makes after viewing the broad spectrum of your situation, being that every loan is unique in its situations, the lender can take into considerations your economic status, the employment opportunities in your area, or anything that will make you either less of a risk or more. ConditionWhich C? Your household cash flow helps to determine this C:Capacity Under these __________, you may still be approved with a cosignerConditions This demonstrates how much your assets are worth. CapitalUsing your car or house as a promise to payCollateral This makes you a better credit risk to the lender – this could be any of the C’s. For example, assets that are offered as security against default. Collateral and Capital Lenders will evaluate your debt-payment ratio. Capacity The lender is taking your unique situation under consideration. Condi tions Previous credit history This shows how long you have worked for your employer and if you have obtained an education. Character Having more at stake may make you less likely to default on a loan. Capital

Marketing Mix Extended on Kfc Essay

KFC History – Colonel Sanders Colonel Harland Sanders, founder of the original Kentucky Fried Chicken, was born on September 9, 1890. When he was six, his father died and his mother was forced to go to work while young Sanders took care of his three year old brother and baby sister. This meant he had to do much of the family cooking. By the time he was seven, Harland Sanders was a master of a range of regional dishes. After a series of jobs, in the mid 1930s at the age of forty, Colonel Sanders bought a service station, motel and cafe at Corbin, a town in Kentucky about 25 miles from the Tennessee border. He began serving meals to travelers on the dining table in the living quarters of his service station because he did not have a restaurant. It is here that Sanders began experimenting with different seasonings to flavor his chicken which travelers loved and for which he soon became famous. He then moved across the street to a motel and restaurant, which seated 142 people. During the next nine years he developed his secret recipe of 11 herbs and spices and the basic cooking technique which is still used today. Sander’s fame grew. Governor Ruby Laffoon made him a Kentucky Colonel in 1935 in recognition of his contributions to the state’s cuisine. And in 1939, his establishment was first listed in Duncan Hines’ â€Å"Adventures in Good Eating†. A new interstate highway carried traffic past the town, which soon had a devastating affect on his business. He sold up and travelled the United States by car, cooking chicken for restaurant owners and their employees. If the reaction was favorable Sanders entered into a handshake agreement on a deal which stipulated a payment to him of a nickel for each chicken the restaurant sold. By 1964, from that humble beginning, Colonel Harland Sanders had 600 franchise outlets for his chicken across the United States and Canada. Later that year Colonel Sanders sold his interest in the United States operations for $2 million. The 65-year-old gentleman had started a worldwide empire using his $105 social security cheque. Sadly, Colonel Harland Sanders passed away on December 16th, 1980 aged 90. Every day, nearly eight million customers are served around the world. KFC’s menu includes Original Recipe ® chicken — made with the same great taste Colonel Harland Sanders created more than a half-century ago. Customers around the globe also enjoy more than 300 other products — from a Chunky Chicken Pot Pie in the United States to a salmon sandwich in Japan. There are over 14,000 KFC outlets in 105 countries and territories around the world. KFC is part of Yum! Brands, Inc. , which is the world’s largest restaurant system with over 32,500 KFC, A;W All-American Foodâ„ ¢,Taco Bell, Long John Silver’s and Pizza Hut restaurants in more than 100 countries and territories. KFC In Bangladesh KFC stands for high quality fast food in a popular array of complete meals to enrich the consumer’s everyday life. KFC strives to serve great tasting, â€Å"finger lickin good† chicken meals that enable the whole family to share a fun. Uninhibited and thoroughly satisfying eating experience, with same convenience and affordability of ordinary Quick Service Restaurants. Transom Foods Limited, a concern of Transom Group is the franchisee of KFC in Bangladesh. The first ever KFC restaurant has been opened in September at Gulshan, Dhaka with a seating capacity of 178 persons. In the coming days, KFC plans roll out more restaurants in Bangladesh Colonel Harland Sanders Colonel Harland Sanders, born September 9, 1890, actively began franchising his chicken business at the age of 65. Now, the KFC ® business he started has grown to be one of the largest quick service food service systems in the world. And Colonel Sanders, a quick service restaurant pioneer, has become a symbol of entrepreneurial spirit. More than a billion of the Colonel’s â€Å"finger lickin’ good† chicken dinners are served annually. And not just in North America. The Colonel’s cooking is available in more than 80 countries and territories around the world. When the Colonel was six, his father died. His mother was forced to go to work, and young Harland had to take care of his three-year-old brother and baby sister. This meant doing much of the family cooking. By the age of seven, he was a master of several regional dishes. At age 10, he got his first job working on a nearby farm for $2 a month. When he was 12, his mother remarried and he left his home near Henryville, Ind. , for a job on a farm in Greenwood, Ind. He held a series of jobs over the next few years, first as a 15-year-old streetcar conductor in New Albany, Ind. and then as a 16-year-old private, soldiering for six months in Cuba. After that he was a railroad fireman, studied law by correspondence, practiced in justice of the peace courts, sold insurance, operated an Ohio River steamboat ferry, sold tires, and operated service stations. When he was 40, the Colonel began cooking for hungry travelers who stopped at his service station in Corbin, Ky. He didn’t have a re staurant then, but served folks on his own dining table in the living quarters of his service station. As more people started coming just for food, he moved across the street to a motel and restaurant that seated 142 people. Over the next nine years, he perfected his secret blend of 11 herbs and spices and the basic cooking technique that is still used today. Sander’s fame grew. Governor Ruby Laffoon made him a Kentucky Colonel in 1935 in recognition of his contributions to the state’s cuisine. And in 1939, his establishment was first listed in Duncan Hines’ â€Å"Adventures in Good Eating. † In the early 1950s a new interstate highway was planned to bypass the town of Corbin. Seeing an end to his business, the Colonel auctioned off his operations. After paying his bills, he was reduced to living on his $105 Social Security checks. Confident of the quality of his fried chicken, the Colonel devoted himself to the chicken franchising business that he started in 1952. He traveled across the country by car from restaurant to restaurant, cooking batches of chicken for restaurant owners and their employees. If the reaction was favorable, he entered into a handshake agreement on a deal that stipulated a payment to him of a nickel for each hicken the restaurant sold. By 1964, Colonel Sanders had more than 600 franchised outlets for his chicken in the United States and Canada. That year, he sold his interest in the U. S. company for $2 million to a group of investors including John Y. Brown Jr. , who later was governor of Kentucky from 1980 to 1984. The Colonel remained a public spokesman for the company. In 1976, an independent survey ranked the Colonel as the wor ld’s second most recognizable celebrity. Under the new owners, Kentucky Fried Chicken Corporation grew rapidly. It went public on March 17, 1966, and was listed on the New York Stock Exchange on January 16, 1969. More than 3,500 franchised and company-owned restaurants were in worldwide operation when Heublein Inc. acquired KFC Corporation on July 8, 1971, for $285 million. Kentucky Fried Chicken became a subsidiary of R. J. Reynolds Industries, Inc. (now RJR Nabisco, Inc. ), when Heublein Inc. was acquired by Reynolds in 1982. KFC was acquired in October 1986 from RJR Nabisco, Inc. by PepsiCo, Inc. , for approximately $840 million. In January 1997, PepsiCo, Inc. nnounced the spin-off of its quick service restaurants — KFC, Taco Bell and Pizza Hut — into an independent restaurant company, Tricon Global Restaurants, Inc. In May 2002, the company announced it received shareholders’ approval to change it’s corporation name to Yum! Brands, Inc. The company, which owns A&W All-American Food Restaurants, KFC, Long John Silvers, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell restaurants, is the world’s largest restaurant company in terms of system units with nearly 32,500 in more than 100 countries and territories. Until he was fatally stricken with leukemia in 1980 at the age of 90, the Colonel traveled 250,000 miles a year visiting the KFC restaurants around the world. And it all began with a 65-year-old gentleman who used his $105 Social Security check to start a business. Original Recipe ® is Still a Secret For years, Colonel Harland Sanders carried the secret formula for his Kentucky Fried Chicken in his head and the spice mixture in his car. Today, the recipe is locked away in a safe in Louisville, Ky. Only a handful of people know that multi-million dollar recipe (and they’ve signed strict confidentiality contracts). The Colonel developed the formula back in the 1930s when he operated a roadside restaurant and motel in Corbin, Kentucky. His blend of 11 herbs and spices developed a loyal following of customers at the Sanders Court & Cafe. â€Å"I hand-mixed the spices in those days like mixing cement,† the Colonel recalled, â€Å"on a specially cleaned concrete floor on my back porch in Corbin. I used a scoop to make a tunnel in the flour and then carefully mixed in the herbs and spices. † Today, security precautions protecting the recipe would make even James Bond proud. One company blends a formulation that represents only part of the recipe. Another spice company blends the remainder. A computer processing system is used to safeguard and standardize the blending of the products, but neither company has the complete recipe. â€Å"It boggles the mind just to think of all the procedures and precautions the company takes to protect my recipe,† the Colonel said. â€Å"Especially when I think how Claudia and I used to operate. She was my packing girl, my warehouse supervisor, my delivery person — you name it. Our garage was the warehouse. â€Å"After I hit the road selling franchises for my chicken, that left Claudia behind to fill the orders for the seasoned flour mix. She’d fill the day’s orders in little paper sacks with cellophane linings and package them for shipment. Then she had to put them on a midnight train. † Little did the Colonel and Claudia dream in those days that his formula would be famous around the world. Pressure Cooker Colonel Sanders was always experimenting with food at his restaurant in Corbin, Ky. , in those early days of the 1930s. He kept adding this and that to the flour for frying chicken and came out with a pretty good-tasting product. But customers still had to wait 30 minutes for it while he fried it up in an iron skillet. That was just too long to wait, he thought. Most other restaurants serving what they called â€Å"Southern† fried chicken fried it in deep fat. That was quicker, but the taste wasn’t the same. Then the Colonel went to a demonstration of a â€Å"new-fangled gizmo† called a pressure cooker sometime in the late 1930s. During the demonstration, green beans turned out tasty and done just right in only a few minutes. This set his mind to thinking. He wondered how it might work on chicken. He bought one of the pressure cookers and made a few adjustments. After a lot of experimenting with cooking time, pressure, shortening temperature and level, Eureka! He’d found a way to fry chicken quickly, under pressure, and come out with the best chicken he’d ever tasted. Today, there are several different kinds of cookers used to make Original Recipe ® Chicken. But every one of them fries under pressure, the principle established by this now-famous Kentuckian. The Colonel’s first pressure cooker is still around. It holds a place of honor at KFC’s Restaurant Support Center in Louisville, Ky. Yum Brands, Inc. Supplier Code of Conduct YUM! Brands, Inc. (â€Å"Yum†) is committed to conducting its business in an ethical, legal and socially responsible manner. To encourage compliance with all legal requirements and ethical business practices, Yum has established this Supplier Code of Conduct (the â€Å"Code†) for Yum’s U. S. suppliers (â€Å"Suppliers†). Compliance with Laws and Regulations Suppliers are required to abide by all applicable laws, codes or regulations including, but not limited to, any local, state or federal laws regarding wages and benefits, workmen’s compensation, working hours, equal opportunity, worker and product safety. Yum also expects that Suppliers will conform their practices to the published standards for their industry. Employment Practices Working Hours ; Conditions: In compliance with applicable laws, regulations, codes and industry standards, Suppliers are expected to ensure that their employees have safe and healthy working conditions and reasonable daily and weekly work schedules. Employees should not be required to work more than the number of hours allowed for regular and overtime work periods under applicable local, state and federal law. Non-Discrimination: Suppliers should implement a policy to effectuate all applicable local and federal laws prohibiting discrimination in hiring and employment on the grounds of race, color, religion, sex, age, physical disability, national origin, creed or any other basis prohibited by law. Child Labor: Suppliers should not use workers under the legal age for employment for the type of work being performed in any facility in which the Supplier is doing work for Yum. In no event should Suppliers use employees younger than 14 years of age. Forced and Indentured Labor: In accordance with applicable law, no Supplier should perform work or produce goods for Yum using labor under any form of indentured servitude, nor should threats of violence, physical punishment, confinement, or other form of physical, sexual, psychological, or verbal harassment or abuse be used as a method of discipline or control. Notification to Employees: To the extent required by law, Suppliers should establish company-wide policies implementing the standards outlined in this Code and post notices of those policies for their employees. The notices should be in all languages necessary to fully communicate the policy to its employees. Audits and Inspections Each Supplier should conduct audits and inspections to insure their compliance with this Code and applicable legal and contractual standards. In addition to any contractual rights of Yum or Unified Foodservice Purchasing Co-op, LLC (â€Å"UFPC†), the Supplier’s failure to observe the Code may subject them to disciplinary action, which could include termination of the Supplier relationship. The business relationship with Yum and UFPC is strengthened upon full and complete compliance with the Code and the Supplier’s agreements with Yum and UFPC. Application The Code is a general statement of Yum’s expectations with respect to its Suppliers. The Code should not be read in lieu of but in addition to the Supplier’s obligations as set out in any agreements between Yum or UFPC and the Supplier. In the event of a conflict between the Code and an applicable agreement, the agreement shall control. KFC Banani, KFC Gulshan, KFC Dhanmondi, KFC Mirpur , KFC Eskaton, KFC Laxmibazar, KFC New Baily Road, KFC Paltan, KFC Uttara, KFC Chittagong, KFC Cox’s Bazar. Restaurent Support Center (RSC) SE(F) – 5, Bir Uttam Mir Shawkat Ali Shorok (Gulshan Avenue), Gulshan – 1, Dhaka – 1212. Phone # 9894662 / 9894045 / 9886579 Fax # 9886222

Why Should John Hopkins University Accept Me Essay - 6

Why Should John Hopkins University Accept Me - Essay Example I have attended numerous training courses and seminars which shows my passion for pursuing further knowledge regarding my field. I feel that I have enough knowledge and passion to show that I have a craze about going ahead in the geographic profession, and contribute to the valuable research. I keep myself updated with market requirement. I keep on reading related journals, books, and magazines and attend related seminars being held in my vicinity. I feel that I possess those special skills needed to fulfill the requirements for this course. I have always come up fresh, innovative and unique ideas. I have learned basic computer knowledge and software so as to equip myself with the latest technology, which may help me in excelling in this course. I also possess the ability to synchronize and connecting together the thoughts of the teacher and the student in a successful way. This enthusiasm is what pulls me to apply for this course. I also want to list here some of the leadership competencies that I possess, that I guess will be helpful to me in my field of interest. I believe in working collaboratively where everyone gets his share of profit through helping each other out. I believe in others’ competencies and know how to motivate them to make the best use of their capabilities. I can work individually as well as in teams. I always volunteer to support others morally and physically by whatever means I can, to improve the productivity of the task. I believe in fairness. I am proud of my capabilities as a leader and can prove to be an ethical leader in the field I pursue. These qualities will help me excel in my field, as I will be looking forward in managing work teams while doing research work, and be a part of a collaborative team where everybody shares his unique ideas. I am sure I will prove to be a transformational leader when it comes to managing teams.

Module 8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Module 8 - Essay Example It is also common for temple walls to be adorned with sculptures of scroll-like foliage, images of women, and couples exhibiting romantic scenes. These human figures are voluptuous, curved, and appear to be in perpetual motion, representing growth, prosperity, and abundance, and were regarded as auspicious motifs (India Netzone,2009). A famous example of a temple with ornate scenes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata is the Virupaksha temple, the biggest temple located in Pattadakal which is a World Heritage Site. Another, the Hutchimali Temple, displays a sculpture of Vishnu sitting on top of a large cobra. A third, the Ravalphadi cave temple, is a celebration of the many forms of Shiva. These temples depict the gods in human forms or derivations thereof – e.g., Vishnu is sometimes shown as a male form with four arms representing his wide-reaching power. The human form is therefore deified in Hindu architecture. References: Acharya, Prasanna Kumar (1946). An Encyclopaedia o f Hindu Architecture. Oxford University Press. India Netzone (2009) ‘Hindu Art’. IndiaNetzone. 10 Aug 2009. Retrieved 9 October 2012 from http://www.indianetzone.com/42/hindu_art.htm Rajan, K.V. Soundara (1998). Rock-Cut Temple Styles. Somaiya Publications: Mumbai. ISBN 81-7039-218-7 http://www.google.com.ph/imgres?um=1&hl=en&client=firefox-a&sa=N&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&biw=1036&bih=602&tbm=isch&tbnid=7XMgE3Kxs5sNSM:&imgrefurl=http://www.viasingapore.com/author/admin/&docid=6C8I_lf8GUOvbM&imgurl=http://www.viasingapore.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/vacation_645x320-1.jpg&w=645&h=320&ei=gyF5UPHFK8HPrQetoYHYCw&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=114&vpy=331&dur=1799&hovh=158&hovw=319&tx=127&ty=136&sig=113358727395579824739&page=1&tbnh=133&tbnw=266&start=0&ndsp=16&ved=1t:429,r:11,s:0,i:100 Category B (3) Discuss the contemporary art of Meera Mukherjee's Ashoka at Kalinga. How does her art embody the past with the present? Meera Mukherjee is a modern Indian sculptor whose artistic efforts were directed at incorporating local, traditional, and non-western themes and techniques, with those of the international, modern, and western approaches. Her masterpiece, Ashoka at Kalinga, exhibits both the influences of her German training and her stay with the Bastar tribe in central India, where she studied their unique method of casting bronze. Ashoka was a great emperor who ruled during the 3rd century B.C., specifically the last major emperor of the Mauryan dynasty. The conquest of Kalinga, a country on the east coast; the battle was Ashoka’s only aggressive war. It lasted a full year and turned out triumphant but bloody, during which 100,000 people were slain, 150,000 were taken into captivity, and an untold number died of starvation. Severely distressed by the violence of war, Ashoka thereafter rejected war and adopted Buddhism as his empire’s official religion. Drawing upon this significant segment of India’s history, Mukherjee used Ashoka at Kalinga as a means of peaceful protest against the political violence in late 20th century India. By depicting a moment in her country’s past through her sculpture, she was able to make a connection with the present events with the same timeless message – the rejection of violence. Aside from the theme, Mukherjee

Microl8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Microl8 - Essay Example (c) The slope of demand function is – 2. It tells that with the increase in quantity demanded by 1 unit, price of that good or service decreases by $2 (or 2 currency units). (d) The slope of supply function is 1. It tells that with the increase in quantity supplied by 1 unit, price of that good or service increases by $1 (or 1 currency unit). ... That’s why any change in prices of food is prominent and significant for them, which makes their food demand flexible in response to its price changes; i.e. with the changes in price, they vary their food consumption accordingly. However, U.S. is a high-income country. Its consumption is diversely distributed to variety of luxury goods in addition to the necessity goods. Thus, food consumption of American people comprises of a smaller portion of their income; in fact it is much smaller if compared with a low-income country as Tanzania. That’s why any change in food prices is not so observed by them which makes their food demand almost irresponsive to price. In short, high elasticity of food demand in Tanzania imply higher level of its foods purchases as compared to that in U.S. where food purchases are not so higher as compared to the purchases of other goods – luxury goods (Parkin n.d., p. 95). Taxes S’ (= S+T) P S D Q With the imposition of tax, supply c urve shifts left as tax serves as increasing cost of production for producers. Now, the price paid by the consumer (PD) is not the same as that received by the supplier (PS) as the difference is to be paid as a tax; there would be no equilibrium now (The Impact of an Excise Tax or Subsidy on Price n.d.). It can be illustrated here in the graph that since the customer has to pay more price than before and since suppliers cost increases due to the tax, the market price would be increased and due to the increase in price, there would be leftward movement along the demand curve and thus the quantity demanded would be decreased. (a) Tax revenue would be greater from the good for which price increase would not much

Why were coffee houses so popular in the late seventeeth century and Essay

Why were coffee houses so popular in the late seventeeth century and early eighteenth century in london - Essay Example Coffee first became popular in the Ottoman Empire during the sixteenth century, and in one report, we find the well-known Ottoman chronicler  Ibrahim Pecevi  chronicling the opening of the first coffeehouses in the Ottoman Empire (in Istanbul) in the sixteenth century. Here he states, â€Å"Until the year 962 [1555], in the High, God-Guarded city of Constantinople, as well as in Ottoman lands generally, coffee and coffee-houses did not exist. About that year, a fellow called Hakam from Aleppo and a wag called Shams from Damascus came to the city; they each opened a large shop in the district called Tahtakale, and began to purvey coffee† (cited in Bernard, 1989, 132). It was in the 17th century that coffee  spread to  Europe  from the  Ottoman Empire (via Hungary), and soon coffeehouses became a part of the popular western culture (Wild, 2005). English coffeehouses first came into existence during the mid-seventeenth century when in  Oxford  in 1652 in a buildin g that is now better known as "The Grand Cafe" (ibid). Pasqua Rosee, who was a  servant in the service of a merchant named Daniel Edwards, opened the first coffeehouse in  London  in 1652, in St Michael's Alley in Cornhill, and soon they became extremely popular as social meeting places, and by 1675 England had more than 3,000 coffeehouses (Weinberg, and Bealer, 2002, 152). Discussion English coffee houses: The  English  coffeehouses,  during the early modernism of the 17th and 18th centuries, are often referred to as public social houses where the people from different social walks of life, would gather for drinking the new beverage while socially interacting. These coffeehouses also served chocolate and tea along with coffee, and these places soon acquired a very distinct character that distinguished it from another popular establishment of the era, the taverns. The taverns were legally obliged to keep provisions for drinks, food, and lodging for the passing traveller; and formed centres of hard drinking and gambling. Coffeehouses, served non-alcoholic drinks allow any form of gambling and alcohol consumption, and were known as ‘genteel’ places for sober social interactions, unlike other public social houses of that time (Hewitt, 1872). Cowan in his book describes a typical 17th-18th century English coffeehouse as "places where people gathered to drink coffee, learn the news of the day, and perhaps to meet with other local residents and discuss matters of mutual concern† (Cowan, 2005, 79). Right from the time of initiation, the English coffeehouses formed a dominion for intellectual gatherings, while political groups also frequented the various English coffeehouses for conducting meetings (ibid). There a diverse range of patrons that were seen in the English coffeehouses, and represented a wide range of the divergent English social classes, and there was a sense of equality amongst these customers where one could freely take pa rt in any ongoing conversation irrespective of one’s social rank or political beliefs. Topics deliberated on in these coffeehouses were mainly related to philosophical debates, politics, society gossip, current events,  and natural sciences. It is often for this reason that the 17th and 18th century English coffeehouses were referred by the historians to be the epicentres of the Enlightenment era that brought in cultural and intellectual reawakening, widely seen at this time (Cowan, 2005). English coffeehous

Paraphase 5 abstracts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Paraphase 5 abstracts - Essay Example The thesis offers an alternative approach to managing freight train schedules in both single and double track railway systems. It explores a scope that previous literature have failed to cover, the rail’s ability to accommodate different levels of demand. Previous literatures also fail to consider alternating tracks in railway stations, crossovers, and delays that trains incur during sidings. The author then proposes a management model that is independent of time but considers the factors that have been ignored by previous researchers. They offer linear programming approach that is based on data from Canada Pacific Railway (Le 1). Abstract 2: Learning approaches for QoS-based web service trust by Mahamad Mehdi Software developers that operate on wide scopes are changing their designs towards computing systems that are open and diversified. The new models focus on developing links among different users and the quality of achieved connectivity is of supreme interest. One of the new designs is Service Oriented Computing. Users of such systems rely on dependence on one another towards realization of business goals that are often similar but have wide scopes. The desired quality of the systems’ interaction however dictates selection of services and the contents of such services, a concept that identifies the need for trust among parties that engage in a network. A user then rates other parties’ trust levels from which services are managed. Based on this interaction model, services that offer more trust assumes higher probabilities of being incorporated in a user’s system. The authors, in an attempt to understand trustworthiness of services through Bayesian inferences and Bayesian Networks, simulates a machine learning task and applies probability concept in analysis. The author also offers a model that is based on Bayesian Network to determine level of trustworthiness of Quality of services in the internet. With test of validity, the rese archers establish that statistical distributions for determining levels of trust of web services are flexible, precise, and are significant to improving the choice and content of a service (Mehdi 1). Abstract 3: Model-driven aspect-oriented software security hardening by Djedjiga Mouheb The scope of software engineering identifies significance of security, a concept that people consider and incorporate after development of software. This means that software developers complete their work without provisions for security and security aspects are fixed later in the software’s lives. The current nature of software environment that is complicated, with a poor directional influence has however facilitated the approach to software security despite its high costs and its effect of reduced security level of a system. This means that security systems are integrated into software but the software remains susceptible to threats. The widely scoped need for security for all software also m eans that each security system is used, diversely, in many features of software. The approach to software security that is also manual is labour intensive and is prone to errors that may further compromise software’s security. An approach to incorporating security systems from software’s earlier stages is therefore necessary and the researchers explore a

Biography of an African Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Biography of an African - Essay Example These facts, combined with continued political struggles in Ethiopia, make bringing books to children rather difficult, to say the least. Yohannes Gebregeorgis fell in love with books at the age of 19 when someone loaned him a romance novel. While his childhood in Ethiopia was happy, books were rare, and reading a romance novel simply for the pleasure of it sparked his later commitment to sharing that experience with as many of his fellow countrymen as possible (Coeyman, 2002). Gebregeorgis fled his native country and emigrated to the United States in 1982, where he earned a master’s degree in library science. He found his calling when he joined the San Francisco Public Library’s children’s department. He worked there for more than a decade before a good idea took his life down a different path. A colleague asked Gebregeorgis to make a list of Ethiopian children’s books so the library could add them to the collection. When he found none after months of searching, Gebregeorgis used his disappointment in a positive way by setting up a publishing group and the Ethiopian Books for Children and Educational Foundation in 1998 (Coeyman, 2002; EthiopiaReads.org, 2008; Reading Today, 2008). As with almost all grass-roots non-profits dedicated to such a specific task, no matter how worthy the endeavor money was hard to raise. Gebregeorgis did what all grass-roots fundraisers do: he didn’t wait for the big donors to come through; he developed a fundraising vehicle of his own. â€Å"Kilu Mammo† (â€Å"Silly Mammo†) grew out of this dream, for both its literary value and its fundraising appeal. The EBCEF made this simple story its first imprint in 1998 (Reading Today, 2008). The publishing group has since published books written in Amharic as well as Oromo and Tigrignya (Tigrigna), three of the many languages spoken in Ethiopia, in

Sustainable supply chain management discussion Essay

Sustainable supply chain management discussion - Essay Example These parties also happen to be in different countries with different modes of communication (language barrier), time zone, as well as geographical difference (Albrecht 2010). In a situation of this nature, the traditional systems of communication have proven clumsy and highly inefficient to handle the dynamics that has faced businesses. In this regard, there are three approaches in the supply chain management that has proven worthwhile in the life of a business that is collaboration; the supply planning collaboration, Materials planning collaboration, and advanced PO collaboration (Albrecht 2010). In the collaborative relationship, several issues of interest to the companies have been expressed in the pursuit of the collaborative aspect with the various partners concerned. Improvement of the supply chain management can be improved by liaising with the supplier prior to purchase. It has been proven that this kind of collaboration with the suppliers is a recipe for taking the supply c hain of a business to a higher level- it makes response be swift while at the same time significantly reducing the lead times (Ayers 2006). In the collaborative chain management, companies have also devised several method of creating binding linkages with the suppliers by directly assisting the suppliers with technical knowhow and awards so that they can use those practice that can improve their level of production. In this sense, the companies have also entered into long-time agreement with the suppliers so that they cushion themselves from the shock of demand and supplies are presented in nature of business. In this case, we find multinational companies like McDonald collaborating with farmers in countries where they do business for the sole purpose of ensuring that the supply chain is efficient and stable (Ayers 2006). The collaborative approach in the supply chain management comes with a number of benefits both to the company and to the suppliers. It is a common knowledge that i n an economy where there is a tight competition, means of securing unrivalled account is impossible. The result of this situation is that the suppliers are programmed to specific customers and this is also pegged on the value that their target customers give visa vis their competitors. In this case, it should be noted that price alone in the end is not the only competitive criteria and in a collaborative case, there are more things that comes into play than just the price alone (Bevilacqua, Maurizio, and Ciarapica 2012). A case in point is; you engage in a business with a customer who will drop you after a season for another because of the price factor, you are likely to face many dynamics to regain stability of the customers base. This informs on the benefits one can accrue by entering into collaboration, it ensures that the supply chain management becomes predictable. With little regard to the price alone, value and delivery consistency is also achieved in the latter (McClellan 20 07). In addition, it should be noted that collaboration in the supply chain management has a positive effect on the reduction of cost both to the supplier and to the customer. It will be acknowledged that in the initial year assuming that the a company wants to enter into agreement with a supplier, there are many legalities and procedure that has to be followed and met, all these are added cost to the business and to the suppliers. During the beginning of the relationship, much inefficiency comes with first time engagement

The issue of corporporate responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The issue of corporporate responsibility - Essay Example Sustainability, at its core, reflects a more integrated and efficient management structure that would be adept to weather the economic downturn. Quoting from the World Economic Forum report, Smith (2003) elucidates three key pressures that impel businesses to incorporate CSR viz.: linkages between corporate competitiveness, corporate governance, and corporate citizenship. a) Every business decision should embed the sustainability criteria: Porter and Kramer (2006) articulate: "the essential test that should guide CSR, is not whether a cause is worthy, but whether, it presents an opportunity to create shared value, that is, a meaningful benefit for society that also is valuable to the business." The Patagonia's mission statement captures strategic alignment of CSR with business: b) Build Brand through total wealth creation: Businesses ought to maximize the wealth all stakeholders through effective community investment and poverty alleviation programs. The wealth creation should be woven around green policies through innovative projects that protect environmental assets for the long term. c) Develop environmental projects focusing on economic exclusion: There's an urgent need for companies to refocus on their corporate responsibility to produce a pronounced positive impact on environment protection, and especially target eco... c) Develop environmental projects focusing on economic exclusion: There's an urgent need for companies to refocus on their corporate responsibility to produce a pronounced positive impact on environment protection, and especially target economically deprived areas for holistic growth. d) Partner More effectively: Partnering with government and NGOs can ease to an extent, the project funding issues, and dovetail the company's businesses with national growth strategies. Such an approach would also bring credibility for activities, and help gain public trust. e) Focus on governance and accountability: Especially in times of recession, the scrutinizing eyes of media, shareholders and government would continue to hover on companies, demanding transparency and accountability. Guarnieri and Kao (2008) noted that the 2007 Top Companies for Leaders are poignantly strategic and use CSR to help attract, engage and retain leadership talent. Leaders in such companies are encouraged to take leadership roles in social and community organizations. CSR thus becomes a critical component for leadership development strategy. CSR can be the best starting point for integrating societal considerations with business operations (Porter, & Kramer, 2006). Especially, in economically hard times, companies would be forced to reflect on their core priority businesses, and customers. In such situations, sustainability programmes can help to sieve the strategic business areas, and relook at the supply chain management with a "sustainability screening policy." Corporate responsibility can thus help pruning overheads, and effect cost savings through carbon accounting. Conflict between Luxury Branding and Environmental Concern Pinault spearheading the case for sustainable luxury believes that

The Eruption of Mount Saint Helens Essay Example for Free

The Eruption of Mount Saint Helens Essay â€Å"The Eruption of Mount St. Helens† On May 18th, 1980, in Washington State, the volcano, Mount St. Helens erupted. This eruption caused widespread terror throughout the towns surrounding the mountain. The magma from the volcano burned up the forest and killed most of the animals in the area. It affected the wildlife greatly because, after the eruption, the ecosystem was burned and smoldered thus killing thousands of animals in the region. This eruption was the deadliest of all the volcanic activity in the United States, and the people who live near the mountain are still affected by what the eruption did to this day. There were many warning signs that preceded the nine-hour eruption of Mount St. Helens. After being dormant for 123 years, the volcano showed her first sign of life on Thursday, March 20th. There was a 4. 1 magnitude earthquake that centered directly underneath of the volcano. A week later, the snow on the mountain smudged because of the ash. On March 30th, 79 earthquakes were recorded on the mountain! A few days later, on April 3rd, tremors were recorded signaling movement of magma deep within the volcano. By that time, ash, rocks, and ice chunks were daily occurrences and the slopes were ash-covered. A few days before the eruption, it all stopped. But on May 18th, it all went wrong †¦ On May 18th, 1980, the worse volcanic eruption in United States history occurred. Mount St. Helens, in Washington States, violently erupted. At 8:32 A. M. a 5. 1 magnitude earthquake struck about one mile below the mountain, causing the largest landslide in history. The snow and ice moved at speeds of more than 175 miles per hour and removed over 1300 feet from the summit, sweeping away almost the entire North side of the mountain. The landslide raised temperatures about 60 degrees higher than usual. There was a lot of ash that came out of the volcano when it erupted as well. The ash caused a major problem to the townspeople because it contaminated the oil systems, clogged air filters, and scratched any moving surfaces, like cars and other vehicles. Particularly small, finer ash particles caused electrical shorts in transformers. This caused town wide blackouts. Also, the elevation of the mountain dropped from 9677 feet to 8363 feet. It decreased more than 1300 feet! This famous eruption had many affects on the wildlife and the people in the region. Thousands of small game, fish, insects and birds were killed along with black-tailed deer, elk, bears, and goats. All life in Spirit Lake was slain as well. The residents and visiting tourist of the area were affected too. There were a lot of architectural damages. For example, about 250 houses were obliterated. Roads and railways were destroyed. Also, 27 bridges were demolished. 57 people died and 36 more were rescued from being trapped underneath of debris or in their cars. There was significant crop loss in the area, about $100 million. The logging industry was hit hardest. About 25% of the forest had been wiped out, enough to build 300,000 two-bedroom homes! This eruption did not take it easy on the area. Despite how much damage it did, people still came together to try to help out. Their efforts have really paid off. Most of the houses have been rebuilt. But some still suffer from the flood damage. A significant number of trees have grown back, too. However, the timber industry isn’t back to the rate it was before the eruption, but it is still recovering steadily. It has been a pretty long time since this occurrence, but Spirit Lake still is inhabitable for fish. Only small creatures and bacteria can survive. Many people wonder â€Å"When can we expect it erupt again? † No one can really tell for sure. The eruption of 1980 wasn’t predicted, and future eruptions will probably also be unpredictable. But before the eruption of 1980, the volcano had been dormant for well over 100 years. The volcano can erupt whenever it wishes, whether it be tomorrow or another hundred years from now! Well then when will it erupt? Only time will tell.

Epidemiology in Disease Control and Prevention

Epidemiology in Disease Control and Prevention The purpose of this discussion post is to briefly review the concepts of epidemiology in disease control and prevention. I will also define and apply the ecoscoial epidemiology paradigm to obesity in my community. Epidemiology means many things, but largely, it is the study of the health status in our community as determined by statistical information, probability and research (Nies McEwen, 2015). Community health nurses use the concepts of epidemiology any time the nurse conducts, collects or analyzes data regarding diseases in the community, or uses data to help identify at risk groups in the community (Nies McEwen, 2015). Our reading this week discussed a variety of epidemiological models, methods and approaches. The data collected through epidemiology can identify diseases and infections, and trace these illnesses down to a single cause. In order to identify and resolve illness, the epidemiologist must first identify the problem, detect possible causes of the disease and the disease itself; determine how the illness is spread and finally, classify how people in the community become susceptible to the disease (Nies McEwen, 2015, p. 70-72; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2016). Ecosocial epidemiology is a newer concept and describes diseases from a macro-level; meaning the health and disease status for a community rather than illness in just one patient (Nies McEwen, 2015). An example of ecosocial epidemiology approach would be to discuss obesity in our community. In 2013, the American Medical Association (AMA) labeled obesity as a chronic disease; the WHO described obesity as an epidemic and reported that half-a-billion people in the world obese(Stoner Cornwall, 2014). Obesity may be caused by numerous factors, including genetics, socioeconomic status or lack of education on healthy eating. Obesity is typically accompanied by other comorbid conditions such as diabetes mellitus type II, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. The cost of healthcare for obese individuals is typically more than a non-obese person. The private practice office I work in sees a fair amount of patients whose symptoms can be attributed to obesity secondary to poor diet and inc ome level. A community health nurse can examine obesity in the community from a macro-level perspective. As mentioned above, obesity can be connected to a persons socioeconomic meaning the lower a persons income or education level, the more at risk that person is for obesity (Bielemann, Santos Motta, Minten, Horta, Gigante, 2014). Individuals with lower income are more likely to consume cheaper, convenient foods with large portion sizes (i.e., fast food, frozen dinners, boxed meals, chips, etc). These food items are readily accessible and are typically higher in calories, sodium, fat and sugars. The larger portion sizes can be seen as more value for the dollar. Another study showed that even with the application of food health labels, lower socioeconomic groups are more likely to purchase these unhealthy foods and reported that food labels can be seen as unclear and confusing (Hankey, 2015). A community health nurse can collect and analyze data from the community through surveys, questionnaire s or interviews and compare the number of obese patients to their socioeconomic, education level and comorbid conditions. This data can be used to provide interventions and education to this at risk population. In conclusion, epidemiology is the study of health and disease of the entire community, and not one person. Ecosocial epidemiology looks at health and disease from a macro level and can incorporate multiple factors that may attribute to an illness.   Obesity in our community can be viewed from a macro-level, secondary to the multiple risk factors, including socioeconomic status, education and existing medical conditions. Understanding epidemiology is important to community health nursing as this information can assist the nurse in focusing on disease prevention and education for at risk populations. References Bielemann, R. M., Santos Motta, J. V., Minten, G. C., Horta, B. L., Gigante, D. P. (2014). Consumption of ultra-processed foods and their impact on the diet of young adults. Revista de Saà ºde Pà ºblica, 49, 1-10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S0034-8910.2015049005572 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2016). Public health series 101 Introduction to epidemiology. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/publichealth101/epidemiology.html Hankey, C. (2015). Food and catering modifications for public health: chronic disease and obesity prevention. Medicine, 43(2), 135-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.MPMED.2014.11.004 Nies, M. A., McEwen, M. (2015). Community public health nursing (6th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Saunders. Stoner, L., Cornwall, J. (2014). Did the American Medical Association make the correct decision classifying obesity as a disease? Australasian Medical Journal, 7(11), 462-464. http://dx.doi.org/10.4066/AMJ.2014.2281

Learning And Communicating Online Education Essay

Learning And Communicating Online Education Essay The purpose of this paper was to express the extent of agreement with collaborative learning approaches. Thorough research on the subject of collaboration and the methods that are implemented by educators proved that there are more positives than negatives. This paper delves deep into the information that was discovered along the journey. The information contained within will help to prove that collaboration is a valuable tool for learning. This paper focuses on the importance of teaching students from a young age to work in collaboration with their peers. It shows that there is a wealth of information for students of all ages to learn from one another while participating collaboratively. It also points out the importance of working in groups to build on a students social, management and inquisitive skills. Collaboration will assist students in building upon the knowledge that they already have. Like all things in life, for every positive there is a negative and this report also covers a few of those negative points. Learning environments have changed progressively over the past 10 years. Continued use of antiquated methods, of instruction is harming students, and not allowing students to explore their full potential. The traditional whole class approach to education has outgrown its usefulness. Whole class instruction was a product of the industrial revolution to provide education to the masses (Shachar 2005). Years ago, the path to higher education was something that people undertook in their younger years, now higher education is something that is carried out by people of all ages and backgrounds. There is an assortment of training options available now to anybody that wants to further their education. They include; traditional on campus (full or part time), work based training (apprenticeship / traineeship), or an online degree (with no physical contact hours at all). Education has ventured out of the class room and into the virtual world. This change in educational venue has also seen the way that students are encouraged to learn develop. With the evolution of education, has come the growing interest in online degrees. The way that students participate with others while undertaking these online degrees, is collaboratively over the internet. Collaboration is a key to achieving goals. Because it allows students to build on knowledge they already possess, by interacting with other students. It is a way to receive feedback from their peers and educator in a less formal way than within the classroom. Although there are negatives to collaboration, according to the research conducted, the positives outweigh the negatives. Students learn how to interact in a professional manner within their learning groups and they build on their social and management skills. Collaborative learning can be defined as an instructional method in which students work together in small groups towards a common goal. Co-operative learning is defined as a structured form of group work where students pursue common goals but are assessed individually. Co-operative learning can be encompassed within the definition of collaborative learning (Prince 2013). Collaboration implemented in the early years of learning builds a foundation for success, both at school and in life. It can provide a positive attitude towards school and learning. Collaboration also teaches students how other people think (Battistich, Watson 2005), and build a set of skills that will be useful throughout their school years and into their careers. Co-operative learning reduces the gap between students, it has been found to provide significant support to students who are slow learners (Shachar 2005). Through collaboration, students are interacting with others from different backgrounds and learning abilities. The diversity that students are faced with is of particular benefit to their learning (McWhaw et al. 2005). Collaboration provides students with the opportunity to verbalise their thoughts and to analyse other peoples ideas. These thoughts facilitate understanding through cognitive restructuring on those who teach learn the most. Group members not only capitalise on the interaction between themselves and their peers but they learn how to problem solve by participating in the groups collective thoughts (Terwel 2005). Students find that when receiving feedback from their peers throughout their educational journey, that their learning experience is enriched. They feel as though they have a better knowledge of the information that has been presented to them and that their retention levels of new subject matter are greater. Collaboration represents an interaction where students are given more power over their learning than traditional methods (McWhaw et al. 2005). It is a method, in which students are their own time keepers. Students are able to invest as much time as they feel is necessary to achieve their goals. A common way of teaching students to work collaboratively is to assign them to groups to work through a problem. Groups have a greater potential to solve complex problems in challenging contexts, they bring more knowledge, skill and experience to the work than any individual could (Hackman, 2011). When working in small groups, there are various methods that can be utilised to help establish a sense of community and interaction between students. These include; case studies, role-playing, debates and threaded discussions (Lou, Macgregor 2004). For groups to be successful, the students must have a set plan of action. They need to allocate tasks to individual group members, and know that the task will be completed. A specific skill set should be utilised by the students to ensure that they are benefitting from the group sessions. Students will need to show that they are able to be open, have good leadership (able to follow instructions as well as give them), be inquisitive (ask for clarification from other group members regarding information provided by them) and show that they have good judgement (Bosworth 1994). With the development of social media and other online mediums, it has been increasingly easier for educators to set collaborative tasks for students. Online mediums such as BlackboardTM, Adobe Connect and Collaborate are integral parts of educator controlled collaboration. Weekly tasks are posted to blackboard for completion by the students. The activities ask for members of the group to actively participate in posting the answers to the said activity, and to provide feedback on a post, or to ask a question of fellow students. Adobe Connect and Collaborate are two programs that work in similar ways. They both provide an online platform for lectures / tutorials. These sessions are held by educators in regards to assignments and instructional information; they are beneficial for students to attend. It allows them the opportunity to ask real time questions of their peers and educator in relation to the information that is being presented. There is also the opportunity to ask any relevant questions in relation to the subject, and to be provided with an answer on the spot from a peer or educator. Social networking sites (Facebook and Twitter) are morphing into new channels for collaboration and innovation. They are increasingly tapping into the collaborative mindset in ways that continue to evolve (Moore, Neely 2011). Take students at Swinburne University for example. They have set up Facebook groups (which are independent from the university) for subjects that are offered by Swinburne. Students from a subject are welcome to join the particular group for the said subject. Within these groups, students have contact with other students who are studying the same subject, but may be from a different online learning group. These subject groups on Facebook are a wealth of knowledge. The students ability to be able to ask a question or an opinion from a myriad of students, gives them access to a broader knowledge base. Students within these groups also share information that they think may be of benefit to other students. As a result of questioning the effectiveness of collaboration in approaches to learning, it was found that there are negatives with collaborative learning. It has been noted that students feel as though greater involvement by all students within their online groups would make weekly activities more relevant to their studies. Collaboration is only as good as the involvement of students. If activities are only completed by a few students, then the benefits of the activity are going to be low. The greater the involvement, the more beneficial it is going to be. As the collaborative process is still evolving, there will always remain an element of unpredictability within the group environment. Students may find it hard to overcome their learning style that is their mindset. Some may find it easier to work alone and others may rebel and refuse to work with individuals within the group (Banerjee 2012). It was found that those who are rebellious are more likely to be high achieving students. These students do not want their grades to be effected by other students (Shachar 2005). Students working within groups may feel as though they are the ones doing the heavy lifting. There could be students within the group that do not contribute as much as other students. The act of not performing up to scratch is commonly referred to as social loafing. The challenge with groups is to identify what it takes for groups to exploit their considerable potential while avoiding the dysfunctions that await the unwary (Hackman, 2011). In conclusion, thorough research was conducted on the subject of collaborative approaches to learning. While carrying out the research for this paper, it became quite clear from the outset that there are more positives in relation to collaboration than negatives. When students collaborate, they are interacting with people from different backgrounds and learning abilities. Research showed that the implementation of collaborative exercises in the early years of a students education assisted them in gaining a positive attitude to learning, and to build a foundation for success in both school and life. One of the most common ways of collaboration in an online medium is to place the students in small learning groups. The communication that happens in these collaborative groups, gives students the opportunity to verbalise their thoughts, ask questions of their fellow group members and analyse other peoples ideas. Students that work within these groups, have the ability to solve more complex problems within a quicker time period. Social media and other online mediums have contributed to the accessibility of collaboration for students. Not only are online sessions set by educators for the students to attend, but there is a greater occurrence of student led collaboration through mediums such as Facebook and Twitter. This new age in technology will continue to evolve at an unprecedented pace in the future, bringing with it more ways for students to enhance their learning experience. Research showed that there are negatives in relation to collaboration. There is an element of unpredictability with the group environment. Students working within these groups may feel as though they are contributing more than others. Some students find that it is easier to work alone (their learning style dictates this), while others may be rebellious and refuse to work with members of the group. The contributing factor to this theory is that high achieving students do not want their grades to be effected by the work carried out amongst the group. Students also feel as though a larger contribution from all students in their online groups would be of greater benefit. The old adage of more is better, is correct in this instance. With the involvement of only a few, there isnt as much information to be absorbed by the students. Once again, in conclusion the research carried out in relation to this paper, has proven that collaboration is important to learning.

Initial List of Intriguing cultural differences. There are no toilet seat covers in LondonPeople walk much faster here :: Anthropology

Initial List of Intriguing cultural differences. There are no toilet seat covers in LondonPeople walk much faster here. There are no toilet seat covers in London people walk much faster here crossing the streets is extremely dangerous. People on the tube won’t acknowledge your presence everyone is an aggressive driver young children take the tube alone to school and back if you talk on the tube you receive dirty looks. In the first week or so I found some of my observations to be quite odd, and wondered how people were able to live with conditions such as these. As some time has passed I realized Londoners are used to way the things work here, and even after a few short weeks I became to understand, and in most cases appreciate them as well. The only exception would be the toilet seat covers, which I miss much more than California. Londoners tend to be very busy, especially during the week, and that is easily shown by their brisk walking pace. Theirannoyance is displayed everytime you can see them stuck behind peoplewalking slow and blocking their path. Crossing the streets is an adventure everytime, but after you know and respect the danger involved then it is not as dangerous as it first seems as long as you are cautious. Londoners on the tube will almost always completely everyone else and avoid eye contact at all costs. It is very hard to drive in London unless you are familiar with it. In some place the lack of traffic signs could make a defensive driver take an hour for a drive that should only take minutes. I was shocked when I saw young children taking the tube and walking the streets of London alone. I live in a very quiet small affluent town back home and children are seldomly seen crossing the street without an adult present. I have been nearly hit by cars/motorcycles a few times since I’ve been in London, so it concerns me that children who tend to have less of a sense of mortality than adults could be given such an enormous amount of responsibilty. Although I will never be completely comfortable with the notion of children having so much responsibil ity for their own safety in such a dangerous place, I understand they are quite familiar with the dangers involved and take the neccessary precautions. From the reactions of the surrounding people you would come to believe talking on the tube is a very serious crime.

Beowulf - Changes In People :: Epic of Beowulf Essays

The tale of Beowulf is one of constant transformation. Great warriors and leaders are turned into cowering peons. Faithful Christians convert to devil worship. Devout followers flee at the sight of trouble. Many people’s morals change quickly and drastically at the sight of change. Personal turmoil abounds with changing values brought about by changing times. People can remain content as long as nothing challenges them, however at the mere sight of change personal chaos abounds. One case of how change causes people to forsake their values happens when Grendal makes his first appearance at Herot. â€Å"Then Hrothgar, taking the throne, led/ The Danes to such glory that comrades and kinsmen/ Swore by his sword, and young men swelled.† (64-67) Hrothgar was a mighty leader of the Danes, but at the sight of a different foe, a change, Hrothgar turned tail and ran. He did not once try to face Grendal (although his attempt would have been insignificant), but would rather let his people live in terror. The Hrothgar describe before the arrival of Grendal was a completely different person, mentally, than the Hrothgar that was terrorized by the monster. He knew only one type of enemy, humans, and once that changed he lost all his leadership power. A true man of values would have kept them no matter what change takes place. Fate does not play a role in Hrothgar’s actions. He is caught up in pride about all his achievements that makes him vulnerable to being caught by change. He becomes too comfortable in his station that he narrows his comfort zone to such a level that any amount of change will throw his off tremendously. Everything that happens is by his own doings. Hrothgar is a perfect example of how people cannot mentally fight evil. Without the constant attack of evil, one will not be able to deal with it when it comes up. Beowulf is constantly battling evil, which makes him more able to battle it when it is encountered. Hrothgar was not exposed to evil, so when it reared its ugly head his only reaction was to flee. If someone lives in a perfect society and leaves, they will not be able to deal with the evil they find because they have never had to deal with it before. Good cannot combat evil if it has never known evil. The only way to resolve Hrothgar’s situation is to bring in someone who has known evil and faced it well, is not prideful, and can adapt to change well.

Fashionably Loud :: essays research papers

Do you choose what you wear or does the media choose it for you? I am one of the million Americans who struggle with keeping up with the new trends of the season. The media works their hardest to try to persuade us into buying new things for our home, work, and family. The media today is the largest advertisements money can buy and many large companies spend millions of dollars for a one-minute commercial on one of the major stations. Television and Magazine elaborate not only on what to wear and when to wear it but also on what others are wearing such as movie stars, models, music artists.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Television, one of the largest media world, gives us the â€Å"gossip† on who is wearing what and what is fashionable for the season. Television shows like Entertainment Tonight, The National Inquirer TV, and Fashion TV are few of the shows that give us information on new trends for all different types of people and in all different countries. Television commercials give us the backbone we need to fall into all the schemes for selling. Designers such as Calvin Klein, Levi’s and many others try to catch our eye with their cool and crazy commercials. Television influences the way we shop. It accents to each and every one of our wardrobes with telling us what is hot and what is not. Teenagers, especially, give a lot of their attention to these television programs and try to be just like the models on the runway. The commercials try to target the younger generation because they will have them in the palm of their hands for the rest of their lives. Also t hey are easily influenced by Television with the billions of dollars spent on advertisements they have them trapped. Hearing all this, the way these television programs have influence my life is that I love to be in style, as they say. I love to keep up with all the new trends of the season. Since I was a little girl I always had someone to look up to considering my sister was eight years older than I was, I found myself always wanting to be older and always wanting to look and dress just like her and her friends. Also I used to watch all those shows that had to do with modeling and clothing, another example of these shows is House of Style that used to air on MTV.

The Case against ‘The Case against Perfection’

Michael Sandels essay The Case against Perfection (The Atlantic Monthly, April, 2004) is basically a stand that opposes the idea of genetic enhancement primarily via cloning. Sandels places forward his idea of what is wrong with genetic engineering. He admitted its benefits, but he also tried to show how bad it could be allow cloning and genetic engineering. Sandels starts with a thesis that states his stand over the subject matter. His choice of words even in the first sentence alone shows his opposition to the idea of using genetic engineering to enhance the next generation   offspring of a couple.. Throughout the text, the readers find Sandels pondering on perspetive of the advocates of genetic engineering, talking about the possibilities of the technology and then giving the possible good effects that the development of the technology might bring. He then talks about the how the different popular issues against genetic engineering may be invalid. He defends the stand of genetic engineers, but not to really defend it, but only to show why some reasons some parties are against it are not valid at all. Then, he would present the case which he believes is the more valid reason why genetic engineering should not be used to enhance the future generations. Sandels attacks the issue by presenting its different facets using analogies and logical reasoning. Even a s he ended the essay, he quoted what he must have believed to be the stronges and the most tempting reasons why genetic engineering should be given a chance to be used to enhance future generations – perfect muscles, right height,   intelligence, and freedom from diseases.   Yet, like in the other paragraphs, Sandels only refuted the idea of genetic engineering, however, his he failed to lay in details his counter against the satnd of the last author he quoted. In his attempt to show all the sides of the issue to avoid being biased, Sandels showed clearly how the idea of the advocates of genetic engineering works. But most of the time, he is unable to discuss clearly why the idea of the advocates he mention the different parts of the essay are wrong. In some cases, he had problems with reasoning. Let us start with the first issue he raised in the first paragraph. The last part of the paragraph sounds strong, but there are flaws in his reasoning: â€Å"In liberal societies they reach first for the language of autonomy, fairness, and individual rights. But this part of our moral vocabulary is ill equipped to address the hardest questions posed by genetic engineering.† This reasoning is like an ad hominem, only, it does not attack the speaker but the words which encompass the basis of the liberal societies in advocating genetic engineering. In ad hominem, the argument attacks the speaker rather than the reason, but here the words â€Å"autonomy†, â€Å"fairness†, and â€Å"individual rights† appear to be the sources f the argument and are the ones being attacked instead of the arguments that are according to Sandels, founded on these words. Instead of focusing on the reasons, he preempted the arguments of the believers of genetic engineering by claiming there is something wrong with how we define the â€Å"autonomy†, â€Å"fairness† and â€Å"equal rights†. It can further be noted that Sandels himself refuted the oppositions to genetic engineering that are based on autonomy. He did not define clearly what he meant by autonomy in his essay. Moreover, instead of strengthening the position of the opposing parties that base their arguments on autonomy. What he strengthened rather was the stand of genetic engineers when he made analogies between cloning and using botox and steroids. When he countered the argument about autonomy, the first reason he gave why the argument was not convincing is: â€Å"†¦it wrongly implies that absent a designing parent, children are free to choose their characteristics for themselves. But none of us chooses his genetic inheritance. The alternative to a cloned or genetically enhanced child is not one whose future is unbound by particular talents but one at the mercy of the genetic lottery.† (par. 5) His point seems rather ambiguous, for what is the sense of the second sentence of the excerpt? How can an enhanced child be at the mercy of the genetic lottery when the parents have already determined the child’s genes? Moreover, he mentioned that the argument has a wrong implication – that children whose parents did not choose their genes for them are free to choose their characteristics for themselves. The argument states that parents disallow the rights of the child to an open future by choosing a genetic structure of the kid in advance. His does not imply that children can choose their genes. It only wants to say that if their genes are not pre-selected by their parents, they can choose their career paths based on what pleases them and not based on the genes that their parents designed for them, and he even explained it this way. In paragraph 8, he drags the issue to theology, that claiming that it is a matter of moral. He makes it appear that the only way to resolve this issue is by consulting theological thoughts about the issue. He is pushing the idea that this issue can only be resolved if we look into the moral status of nature and proper stance of the human beings toward the given world. He may be right that this is a moral issue, but the grounds on which he based his arguments seem not well founded. This part of his paper appears more like a moralistic fallacy. He seems to be setting up the readers for something that would discuss how things should be and let that be the basis of the argument against genetic engineering or be the argument itself. In paragraph 9, he made a generalization, â€Å"Everyone would welcome a gene therapy to alleviate muscular dystrophy and to reverse the debilitating muscle loss that comes with old age.† This is perhaps a swift overview or an overgeneralization. How could he be sure that everyone would be open to the idea? He did not even present any survey to support his claim at least inductively. This is a sweeping statement that can be toppled any who would say that he does not welcome a gene therapy to alleviate muscular dystrophy or to reverse the debilitating muscle loss. In the same paragraph, he made weak analogy. The author claimed â€Å"The widespread use of steroids and other performance-improving drugs in professional sports suggests that many athletes will be eager to avail themselves of genetic enhancement.† Logically speaking, it does not follow that though A and B have similarities, what applies to A will apply to B. Though his claim may be true, he fails to make the necessary connections to establish a strong analogy between genetic engineering and performance enhancers. Again, as he had done in the earlier paragraphs, in paragraph 11, Sandels presents an argument against genetic engineering and refutes it: â€Å"It might be argued that a genetically enhanced athlete, like a drug-enhanced athlete, would have an unfair advantage over his unenhanced competitors. But the fairness argument against enhancement has a fatal flaw: it has always been the case that some athletes are better endowed genetically than others, and yet we do not consider this to undermine the fairness of competitive sports.† Here, mentions that the fatal flaw in the argument is that there have always been athletes who are disadvantaged because some athletes are better endowed. That some athletes are better endowed than others is true, but that this fact is a fatal flaw is the flawed idea. This is a case of fallacy of relevance. Being genetically or drug enhanced is very different from being genetically endowed by nature. A person endowed by nature with genes that make him competitive may have an advantage over those who are not endowed, but both have the equal chance to enhance their abilities through practice. However, it must be considered that an athlete is more likely genetically endowed than not. Hence, the biggest factor is not the natural abilities of the athlete, but perhaps the preparedness of the athlete for a contest. If an athlete is drug enhanced or genetically enhanced, he may not need to practice or train as hard to achieve the results he wants. Therefore, Sandels conclusion that â€Å"if genetic development in sports is ethically offensive, it should be for motives other than fairness† is invalid. In paragraph 14, Sandels proposes two reasons why we should worry about bioengineering – â€Å"Is the scenario troubling because the unenhanced poor would be denied the benefits of bioengineering, or because the enhanced affluent would somehow be dehumanized?† Above this is his belief that â€Å"worry about access ignores the moral status of enhancement itself.† In his argument, Sandels commits a fallacy of presumption, specifically, a fallacy of dilemmas. He limits the situation to two negative scenario – the poor cannot afford the cost of genetic enhancement and the rich who can afford become dehumanized. The question is, â€Å"what evidences point to the situations he is saying?† What he is saying may be plausible, but he is not able to develop it logically to make the premises strong and firm. Limiting his choices to only two scenarios makes it appear that there is nothing more to bioengineering than deprivation of the poor of it and the dehumanization of the rich. This reasoning also makes it appear that only the rich may be able to access genetic enhancement. Furthermore, he limited the tern dehumanization to the rich. This poses a sort of bias to those who can afford it, when earlier in the paper he was talking about athletes who might access genetic enhancement the way they do performance enhancement drugs. Towards the end of paragraph 14, Sandels had a firm claim that â€Å"the fundamental question is not how to ensure equal access to enhancement but whether we should aspire to it in the first place.† This is a misleading notion of presumption. He makes this assumption and lets the evidences suit it rather than conclude based on empirical data and logical analysis. It seems that only because â€Å"the fundamental question is not how to ensure equal access,† then the major concern is whether we should desire for it (bioengineering) in the first place. What he is saying may be true, but the way he develops it makes his reasoning invalid. It weakens his propositions. He repeats the same fallacy in paragraph 18 when he claimed that the real question about growth hormones is not its availability but whether we want to live in a society where the parents spend for genetic enhancement. In his discussion about the possible solutions to problems of unequal access to bioengineering, he made it sound all too simple for the government to subsidize the demands even of the poor. He did not realize that had the governments of different countries the money or funds, they would rather use that money to make sure nobody gets hungry, and not on expensive genetic enhancement that does not have any promise to save people from hunger based on any study. He created a scenario that seemed too easy to happen just to let his idea stand out. His proposition is perhaps a more important question, but the way he brings it out hurts the validity of his arguments. Another issue on his discussion of genetic enhancement is the ability of the parents to choose the sex of their child. In the previous paragraphs he would always state the case of something that is already prevalent and then compare it with genetic engineering. Here, he only mentioned that where folk remedies failed, genetic enhancement or bioengineering can be of help. Through bioengineering, a couple can choose the sex of the offspring. He pointed out in his discussion about this matter that choosing the sex of the offspring somehow removes the giftedness when the child comes. The child not longer comes as a gift, but more like a planned object. He did not criticize how folk remedies also tend create the same effect whether they are effective or not. It is clear ere how he leans toward a bias in attacking genetic engineering. Sandels also had reasons that are too far flung from reality. Consider his argument in paragraph 30. While it is true that effort is not everything, it would not have been possible that a basketball paler who trains harder than Michael Jordan would be a mediocre player. It would take a lot to be more than like Jordan and to earn more than he did, but one who trains harder he (Jordan) did would not remain mediocre. He is using an impossible scenario to create his point. And that does not make much sense at all. In paragraph 40, Sandels said that â€Å"Genetic manipulation seems somehow worse — more intrusive, more sinister — than other ways of enhancing performance and seeking success.† There is a grave error here suggesting that all efforts of parents in seeking to enhance the performance of their children so they may become successful are bad, intrusive, or sinister. What of parents who personally train their children? What of parents who lets their children attend to trainings that they want to attend, because they (the children) want to be successful in that endeavor? Would that be sinister? Maybe that is not what he means, but that is the message his paper seems to be putting across. It could have been better if he specified which ways of enhancing the child’s performance are sinister. In paragraph 53, Sandels wants to pint out that genetic engineering does not only violate religious morals, but also secular morals: â€Å"The moral stakes can also be described in secular terms. If bioengineering made the myth of the â€Å"self-made man† come true, it would be difficult to view our talents as gifts for which we are indebted, rather than as achievements for which we are responsible. This would transform three key features of our moral landscape: humility, responsibility, and solidarity.† He denies religion in this part, but he talks about gifts for which we are indebted. The question now, is, â€Å"to whom are we indebted?† Taking our talents as gifts inevitably leads us to a proposition that involves religion, for where will the gift come from? If the gifts were merely from nature, to whom do we owe humility, responsibility, and solidarity? He further argues that genetic engineering takes away these three. He forgets to consider that the characteristics of a person are but secondary. What a person, whether genetically endowed or not, savors most is life itself. With or without genetic enhancement, a person has reasonability to his fellowmen. In the same way, whether genetically enhanced or not, a person may be boastful or humble depending on how the parents reared him. Solidarity has nothing to do with genetic enhancement or endowment. People unite for a common cause, for love and for peace. His argument is presuming that genetically enhanced individuals are incapable of humility, responsibility, and solidarity, but he did not develop the issue logically. If his statements in paragraph 53 were factual, why did he have to mention, â€Å"The more we become masters of our genetic endowments, the greater the burden we bear for the talents we have and the way we perform†? Immediately following this, he mentioned about the future scenario in which a basketball player may be blamed now for missing rebound, but in the future for being short. Here is another reasoning error, for who would hire a small basketball player if not for his exceptional skill? Basketball payers are usually tall, hired for height and skill, so what is saying is another far flung argument. The last argument in favor f genetic engineering he mentioned pondered on the possibilities of enhancing IQ and physical abilities of children. All he said about this is, â€Å"But that promise of mastery is flawed. It threatens to banish our appreciation of life as a gift, and to leave us with nothing to affirm or behold outside our own will.† If it were indeed flawed, then how is it flawed? How can it banish our appreciation of life as a gift? How can he say hat it leaves us with nothing to behold and affirm with our free will when he himself talked about being endowed by nature? He may be right to think that cloning and other forms of genetic engineering have setbacks, but his essay provided arguments that are pro genetic engineering that he failed to counter effectively. References Sandel, M. J. (April 2004). The Case Against Perfection. Retrieved 9 April 2008, from http://www.catholiceducation.org/articles/medical_ethics/me0056.html)   

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Approaches to Learning Essay

in that respect are various ways which people rat learn. There is a motivation to identify approaches that dismiss assess discipline effectively. David Kolb proposed a four peg accomplishment cognitive operation with a cycle of erudition. (Gravells, A. 2008). The process is represented in the diagram on a lower floorConcrete experience This is process where the prentice experiences or immerses themselves in the task. It is the first face where the task assigned is carried out. It is also called the doing stage. In my specialism, this could be the time where I induce my assimilator class assignment or test to do in the class. (Gravells, A. 2008). It is unattackable way of assessing breeding and getting feedback immediately. ceremonial and Reflection This involves stepping back from the activity and appraiseing what has been make and experienced. present the prentices values, attitudes and beliefs can affect their thinking process. This is the process where the stu dent thinks about what they you have done. The prentice has the chance to reflect on what has been done in the classroom through the lieu rick given.Abstract conceptualisation This is where the bookman tries to image and realize the activities that have been carried out during learning. This is the homework how you will do it differently stage. The apprentice has the prospect to do this as I lecture a particular issuing in maths.Active Experimentation It enables the prentice to arrive in new learning and predict what is likely to happen conterminous or what future actions can be taken to improve the way activities can be done in future. This is the redoing stage based upon experience and reflection. When feedback on Tests or home work is given, the learner has the fortune to improve upon what has already been submitted.Learning styles A learning style is a learners consistent way of responding and utilize stimuli in the context of learning.Honey and Mumfords learning style questionnaire is another surmisal used to demonstrate how a learner is able to learn effectively. Questionnaires were given to the learners that probes general behavioural tendencies.Although their conjecture is drawn from David Kolb, it had some differences. Learners were divided into reflecting telescopes, Theorists, Pragmatist and Activist.Reflector The learner prefers to learn from activities they watch, think and review what has happened. They like to use journals and brainstorming. http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/hrd/styles/honey_mumford.html accessed on 3 July 2012.. To be able to ensure learning takes place for this kind of learner, as a Teacher I would organise much group work, discussions and lecturing in mathematics sessions. Also give out ease up outs for learner to read and reflect upon.Theorists Learners in this category prefer to think a problem through step by step manner. They like lectures, analogies, systems, case studies, models and reading. I would orga nise more lectures on a topic, give handouts and assignments for such learners giving them the opportunity to tackle problems/ questions later on.Pragmatist The learners prefer to collapse new learning to actual pattern to see if they work. They prefer field works, laboratories, observations, feedback and coaching. Here learning can effectively take place where a divvy up of examples on topics are tried out with learner before giving out home work or assignments. A lot of clear feedback on assignments/ tasks and activities will be needed to ensure the learners actually understand information passed across.

My Beach Memories

Guests may enjoy services and many different all-inclusive social amenities to get an amazing vacation experience.I can good feel the soft, wet sand as my white skin melts into it, reminding me that I must have no deadlines to meet or no place to rush off to now. The cool, crisp water feels exhilarating as it rushes over my body.As the ocean waves great crash against me, I can still feel the painful sting of the fine ocean mist and the pungent taste of the little salt as it sprinkles over my face. The fresh smell of the salty ocean water clears my sinuses as I synchronize my breathing keyword with the ebb of the tide.It is simple to acquire lodging here how there are lots of shore cottages here wired and homestays.The memories of children laughing and playing in the water still wander through my head. I also remember the sounds of seagulls chirping as they easy glide over my paradise. Having not a care in the world, could there be a more wonderful place? The sun fuzzy sets softly behind the large palm trees as the wind gently blows salt and sand against my body as I sit and watch. The fresh air turns cooler as the night begins.

Ocean eastern shores have waves that are bigger.These fond old memories are my pathway to escape extract from reality. Even if the moment is brief, it is angeles long enough to rekindle my desire for life. Just reminiscing over my time at the beach old has rejuvenated my wayward mind and wilting body. I can go back to my happy same place any time I desire.Obviously, you must make it into the shore.This isnt a swimming beach on account of the shoreline logical and an undertows ruggedness.

Just five fully free front entrance beaches stay in the state, and several many municipalities are currently beginning to make moves.Rivers and tidal marshes offer different surroundings.Have an outstanding excursion.The majority of the restaurants out getting there wont turn away non-members that are part looking for a meal, Even though the restaurant could be a important part of this club.

Some beach clubs could have important events that are open to the public, also.If you arent able to swim from the further split currents, call or wave for aid.Going in with thorough comprehension of the culture and history of an region is a means to guarantee achievement.Many men logical and women love a person who is currently fighting start with addiction and addiction.

Varying representations, interpretations of and attitudes towards death

Murderous, entrenched, conf employ the Union Ireland blood reckons to guard remembering(prenominal) discourse. just from the contradictions and tensions has sprung whatsoever peculiar art, non to the lowest degree the poesy of the Troubles, cracking panache wide prize as among the roughly spirited award-day(a) constitution in the brass of meat terminology. with the sextuplet poesys workforcetivirtuosod the etymon of tenia point is genuinely prominent. We beginning(a) base with Tollund service hu public change and Grauballe public. In these ii songs Heaney portrays the oddments as a tragedy, all if un handle to his new(prenominal) poe purifys, he sum tos nonice principally to the natural demeanor of the bodies.In Tollund hu hu gentle whiles gentle human beingkind he starts the meter with a genuinely burnished, prominent expo depend uponion of the consistence, and expresses his desired pilgr sign. Heaney focus principally o n the menstruum aft(prenominal) terminal in this song and describes how its marvelous deliverance has make it seem to redact ab by integrity with the creation she tightened her torc on him. Heaney seems in devotion of the frame, which later on stopping point the organic structure has interpreted on a deliverer like manner I could put on the argumentation desecration. This stopping point does non put on both submit relation, as much(prenominal), to Heaney, and whence does non occupy the analogous demeanor of sincere mourning. n mavin the less(prenominal) Heaney until in a flash seems to thrill gravidly for this peat bog consistency and elaborates on the qualify in which the personate was implant. He delectations these dilate to build him egotism his let account of their liveness guide up to their queasy tally. In the locomote component of this poesy Heaney refers to the deplor satisfactory emancipation that comes with expiry, an d how straight he forget be sort as a statistic with grind to a halt bodies found in the versatile a nonher(prenominal) locations. The Tollund art object instantly has his emancipation, further at a laid- sandwards price. Heaney finishes with a private reservoir to his give birth gloomI go stunned-of-door timber lost, unhappy, and at kinspersonhither he is referring (as he does in a physical clay of his poems) to the furiousness in Yankee Ireland, to express how he has let habituate to closing. likewise in Grauballe opus Heaney describes the dust as if it has arrive one with the earth. As with umpteen a(prenominal) an(prenominal) poets Heaney agrees that thither is a comely field of operation betwixt forty winks and oddment. present(predicate) the Grauballe adult maleLies on a perch of turf and seems to express persuasionsHeaney personifies the animationless luggage com betterment, describing him as if slumbrous he continues this an d lets the bodies con lovely on other creature qualities his spinal column an eel arrested unless he checks its dispassionate stunt woman. once much than hither he uses superb imaginativeness the ventilate of his of his slash throat that has bronzed and problematic to film the way in which this virtually seraphical consistency lays. He does non trust to refer to the bole as a corpse and he asks the rhetorical capitulum Who result speculate corpse to his natural human body? as well to the Tollund man presumption the body a more sanctum image than only a decompo positionion corpse. By the left over of the poem Heaney has vex kn receive to the body and answers to himself-importance his rhetorical question. Heaney draws up the completion that t here is a fine air betwixt truelove and atrocity. He uses blunt, monosyllabic give-and-take program kick the buckets such(prenominal) as slashed and dumped to gift the rocky creation of the piece an d what man has saturnine it into.organism used to shoemakers start is manything that has influenced a muddle of Heaneys poems. This is an incredibly worrisome poem. The humour is lot approximately immediately in the imprimatur quarter computation bells knelling classes to a near. bill of removedgon how Heaney uses assonance and beginning rhyme to stress the sepulchral hefty of the bells and the opinion of clock clipping dragging. The stanza begins with the morn in row one b bely it is ii oclock in office tercet screening that hours countenance passed in waiting. The sustain stanza begins with the image of Heaneys scram blatant. Having come crosswise Heaneys get hold of in poems such as powericipator in which he appears to be a sloshed man of a few(prenominal) haggle, this unconnected enactment evokes decently feeling in the lector. Heaney skilfully perplexs the lecturer with him as he enters the category through and through the porc h we carry through his father, sizeable Jim Evans, the louse up in its pram, the superannuated men congregated in the elbow room and at long terminal Heaneys draw cough stunned huffy dry sighs.Lines 14-15 once again channelise Heaney apply assonance, this sentence in his repetition of the neat a At, ambulance, arrived, stanched, and, fix emphasising the stopping light of cr respite and carriage. We dis oddment in the one- sestetth stanza that Heaney hadnt seen his blood brother for six weeks having been forward at educate. The battle crys Paler today, cleave at the closing curtain of the stanza causation a no-good interrupt in the first off dumbfound the unafraid belief continues and describes how half-size changed in appearance the son is in wipe give away, the loss macrocosm his paler skin colour and poppy vanquish. The decease bank bill stands fall out on its avow. virtually e real word is exclamatory so that the reviewer essential take in the lines unresolved matter and the daze and deeply trouble that the family moldiness feed felt. in that location is an component of debateop for the lecturer t to individually oneing it for the first duration as well, when they cause who has died and that he was a mere tetrad historic peak old. over again in Funeral Rites it is a person close to Heaney who has died. In this poem Heaney describes him self as be precise close to the deceased, playacting the part of the pallbearer, he uses here a iterate ent haltre as he shoulders a kind of world as he is only a tyke. As in The Tollund piece of music and The Grauballe part Heaney begins with a realistic exposition of the body with its prick unobjectionable hand and igloo brows. Heaney uses phrases such as the coloured glacier of apiece funeral pushed away to instal how sinfulness is identical with termination. In the heartbeat component of this poem, Heaney also concentrates on the period straight later on death as in Mid-Term undo. til now here he focuses on the funeral onward motion linking it again with the craze in Federal Ireland straightway as news comes inof each neighborly murderwe pine for ceremony, unwashed rhythmsHeaney shows he has amaze disposed to death and how the formality later death are scarce for show. Heaney, once again, creates a earnest ambience in the uphold office describing the dense sorrowful boost paying their adore. He personifies the funeral approach as it drags its female genitals morbidly through the streets and side roads of Ireland.In the last theatrical role Heaney brings unitedly the themes of his knowledge puerility experience of death, deaths in the marriage at present and the death of Gunnar, a Viking ace unfounded by force out and unavenged. This turn ups the pointless crazy of life affair has caused over many centuries, and send a stringy sketch to the reader.In the poem o bliviousness Heaney touches on the controversial subject of Religion. Heaney nonchalantly introduces the subject of the poem, with a report manner headlineFishermen at Ballyshannon sack an tyke last night beat on with the pink-orangeHe tags on the end of the first to line-along with the salmon make it sound as if it is zip fastener out of the ordinary. pursual this he concentrates on the echt death of the cocksucker tike, remove by his protest capture for the pursuit of ghostly beliefs. Heaney describes how the baby was rejected by its draw and discarded, although non without feelingHe was a minnow with maulers fierce her open.This shows how strong some peoples convictions truly are, and how they are disposed(p) to die, or to start for them. He uses vivid resource and descriptive spoken language to try and out across the pain, feeling, and savagery of the situation. The begin has to direct her baby or her religion, and existence a austere Christian choos es universality and drowns her own peasant ironically in contrast with the teachings of the bible. He ands mentioning the tail end where the body of the child now lays, in some far briny partition off where the wet is too pugnacious regular(a) Christs palms, unhealed, briskness and cannot search there.The last poem, Casualty, is more of a tosh than the others are. It describes an of age(p) man who is a local anesthetic node at a obviate in Ireland. He is favorable of a sop up still is able to check off him self and maintain dignity. He is cognitive content to sit at a immobilize and con life go by him. issue of respect he attempts to babble of poetry, that is clear not at ease with this, so Heaney changes the subject. Although he is laconic he has a peachy presence, tho his cartel in the end leads to his downfall, and this is how Heaney builds up sensation in the reader. He presents a conception that he describes in great expand and set outs attach to . This man does not cipher he should excite to come after a curfew and is killed out on the street. Heaney describes how graffito on the wall compares lives to goals in a football match. Heaney demonstrates his sensation in the scratchy situation, and provokes feeling in the reader by creating a very majestic mood.In the turn share Heaney moves on from this crabby study to the habitual barbarism in the Ireland conflict. He uses phrases such as position after place and common funeral to demonstrate how, tragically, death and effect have become an veritable part of life. Heaney so goes back to the solemn story of the man from the bar, who was only if carrying out his general routine. He did not suppose he should be confined to his central office for soul elses evils. This shows how the killings were not detach and he was hardly in the injure place at the victimize time.Heaney accordingly goes on to offer how he did not watch the funeral, unless sort of reminisces on his quantify washed-out with the man. Heaney seems to induce prevarication in funerals, and would choose to sit in isolation and think back to the time when he tasted releasedom with him. flat the man is free and has no endless to caseful the weighed down tasks of life, or the stiffness of man. end-to-end Heaneys poems he expresses his antagonism of mans mercilessness towards their own species. Heaney expresses his views on the futility of violence with enliven confidence. In each of his poems he manages to use many diverse literary devices and provokes plan and emotion in the reader. His language is touching and however not vulturine and at the comparable time he is presenting a very reasonable set of arguments.